瓦螨(Varroa destructor)寄生密度与蜜蜂卷翅病毒动态复制相关性研究  

The Correlation between the Parasitism Density of Varroa destructor and Deform Wing Virus Replication Dynamic

作　　者：张炫[1] 周丹银[1] 赵文正[1] 和绍禹[1] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学东方蜜蜂研究所,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期192-197,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：现代农业(蜜蜂)产业技术体系建设专项基金(CARS-45-kxj14)

摘　　要：病毒复制动态变化对揭示病毒病致病的机理具有重要意义。本研究以蜜蜂卷翅病毒(deformed wing virus,简写为DWV)为模型,使用荧光反转录定量PCR方法检测DWV病毒隐性感染蜂群在体壁寄生螨侵袭压力下工蜂体内病毒基因表达量的变化动态,以揭示外界生物压力与隐性感染蜜蜂体内病毒动态复制的相关性。结果显示:弱群势蜜蜂体内DWV基因表达量与引入瓦螨密度呈显著正相关(第3天:R2=0.82;第7天:R2=0.99;双向方差分析F=5.059,P=0.0171);在瓦螨密度增至30%,处理后第7天时DWV浓度达最大值;强群势的蜜蜂群体引入瓦螨后,蜜蜂体内DWV基因表达量在处理后第3天表现出与弱群相似的变化规律(R2=0.88;双向方差分析F=11.74,P=0.001 3),但在处理后第7天时,供试蜜蜂体内DWV浓度整体下降,且不同瓦螨处理水平试验组间的DWV浓度差异不明显(R2=0.66)。结果显示,强群势蜂群的工蜂可有效抑制病毒拷贝量的持续增长,从而表现较强抗病性,而弱群势蜜蜂因病毒动态复制的不可逆激增而导致病毒病暴发。该研究结果在一定程度上解释了弱群势蜜蜂高病毒病易感性和年周损失的原因。The dynamic of virus replication is critical in virus pathology.To investigate the roles of biotic stress factors as well as host health conditions in dynamics of virus replication in honey bees,deformed wing virus （DWV） was used as the model.The TaqMan real-time quantitative RT-PCR method was selected to test DWV magnitude gene express of samples.Data of study showed that adult bees with variable levels of parasitic mite Varroa destructor.The DWV PCR product of weak colonies samples steadily increased over the whole experiment following the initial V.destructor mite introduction and reached a maximum at the 7th day post-treatment.The highest DWV titer was observed in the group of bees with 30% V.destructor mite parasitism at the 7th day post treatment.There was a significant positive correlation between the dose of DWV and number of V.destructor mites introduced at each time point following V.destructor mite exposure （R2 =0.82 at day 3 and R2 =0.99 at the 7th day;two-way ANOVA F =5.059,P =0.017 1）.DWV concentration of strong colonies samples showed an increase,and a positive correlation between the dose of DWV and the level of mite parasitism,similar to the profile observed in bees from weak colonies （R2 =0.88 ; two-way ANOVA F =11.74,P =0.001 3）,but the DWV levels declined at the later time-point of V.destructor infestation （day 7）.Additionally,the titers of DWV did not significantly differ across groups challenged by different levels of V.destructor mites at the 7th day post V.destructor exposure （R2 =0.66）,as seen in bees from weak colonies.The result proved that the severity of DWV infection was positively correlated with the density and period of Varroa mite infestation,confirming the role of V.destructor mites in virus transmission and activation in honey bees.Further,studies showed that host conditions had a significant impact on the outcome of DWV infection as bees originating from strong colonies resisted DWV infection and replication significandy better than bee originating from wea

关 键 词：西方蜜蜂 卷翅病毒 瓦螨 蜂群群势 

分 类 号：S895.22[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]