夏大豆田杂草消长规律及不同除草剂应用效果试验  

The law of weed growth and decline in summer soybean fields and application effect of different herbicides

作　　者：李茹[1] 赵桂东[1] 付佑胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农科所,淮阴市223001

出　　处：《广西农学报》2013年第6期5-8,共4页Journal of Guangxi Agriculture

基　　金：淮安市科技支撑计划(编号:SN1133)

摘　　要：对夏大豆田间杂草发生消长规律及当前市场上一些主流除草剂品种进行试验,以期提供科学除草技术参考,促进大豆生产高产稳产。试验表明:淮北地区夏大豆田禾本科杂草消长规律为在大豆播后3d开始出苗,播后9-12d进入出草高峰,25d后基本不再出草;阔叶杂草的出草规律与禾本科杂草相一致,但始出草期及出草高峰期均较禾草推迟3-5d。夏大豆田杂草分属16科45种,优势种杂草为马唐、千金子、狗尾草、牛筋草、马齿苋、铁苋菜、藜等为主要优势种杂草,总密度达198.5株/m2;田间以禾本科杂草为主,其次为阔叶杂草,莎草最少。除草方法为:播后苗前可用96%精-异丙甲草胺EC1050ml/hm2或48%异恶草松EC1125ml/hm2,药后25d对总草的株防效分别94.79%、90.86%,鲜重防效分别为96.77%和95.59%。杂草3叶1心期前,可用12.5%氟吡甲禾灵EC750ml/hm2或20%烯禾定EC1000ml/hm2防除禾本科杂草或用25%氟磺胺草醚SL1250ml/hm2,防除阔叶杂草。若田间单双子叶均有,可科学选药合理混配。To test the main herbicides and the law of weed growth and decline in summer soybean fields, which will provide technical references for weed control and promote high-stable-yield of soybean. The experimental results show that summer weeds in soybean field will germinate in 3 days after soybean sowing, after 9-12 days, the grass germination will reach a peak; after 25 days, the germination will not occur any more; the germination law of broadleaf weeds and grassy is consistent, but the germination period and germination peak of broadleaf weeds will be 3-5 days later than the latter. Weeds in soybean fiehls belonging to 16 families, 45 species and the dominant weed species are crabgrass, daughter son, foxtail, goosegrass, purslane, iron amaranth, quinoa as the dominant species of weeds etc., with the total density of 198.5 plant/m2; field weeds arc mainly grassy weeds, followed by the broad-leaved weeds, then edges weeds are least.Weeds control methods： Between soybean sowing and germination, 96% metolachlor EC1050ml/hm2 or 48% Clomazone EC1125ml/hm2 will be applied. 25 days after herbicides application, the total plant control effect are 94.79% and 90.86% respectively, weed fresh weight control effect are 96.77% and 95.59% respectively. Before 3 leaf stage of weeds, 12.5% EC750ml/hm2 or 20% EC1000ml/hm2 can be applied to control grassy weeds, or 25% SL1250ml/ hm2 for broadleaf weeds. If both kinds of weeds can be found in the field, scientific and rational herbicide selection and mixed application can be done.

关 键 词：杂草 消长规律 除草剂 使用技术 

分 类 号：S565[农业科学—作物学]