恩施烟区无翅桃蚜在烤烟田空间动态的地统计学分析  

Geostatistical analysison spatial dynamics of the apterous Myzus percicae in fluecured tobacco fields of Enshi tobacco area,China

作　　者：夏鹏亮[1,2,3] 王瑞[2] 王昌军[2] 林国平 刘映红[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学植物保护学院,重庆400715 [2]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,恩施445000 [3]湖北省烟草科学研究所,武汉430030

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第5期1198-1204,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：湖北省烟草公司科技项目(027Y2010-032)

摘　　要：恩施烟区是湖北省最大烟叶生产基地,桃蚜Myzuspercicae(Sulzer)是恩施烟叶最重要的害虫之一,桃蚜在田间的发生以及传播的病毒病害逐年加重,给烟业生产带来巨大损失。进一步了解桃蚜发生动态和空间分布规律,将提高对桃蚜的预测效果并为其综合防治提供理论依据。烟区和烟田之间的迁移以有翅蚜为主,田块内部的种群动态和发生规律,无翅桃蚜发挥着更加重要的作用。受寄主生理生化特性影响,不同烟叶生育期,桃蚜空间结构的差异需要进一步验证。经典的统计学方法以纯随机变量为基础,而昆虫种群的田间分布存在空间相关性,地学统计学承认空间相关性的存在,为区域化变量的空间分布分析提供新的理论和方法。在烟叶不同生育期进行无翅桃蚜的田间密度调查,运用地统计学的方法分析了其空间特征和发生动态,模拟了无翅桃蚜在烟叶不同生育期的田间分布图,并对无翅桃蚜在不同烟叶生育期田间分布格局的相关性进行了分析。结果表明:无翅桃蚜在烟叶苗期密度最小为(5.59±4.07)头/株,烟叶旺长期虫口密度最大为(14.5±9.6)头/株;种群密度变异系数均较大(0.6147-0.7281),表明其空间分布的不均匀性,并随密度的增大而减小,表明种群密度的增大一定程度上提高了种群结构的稳定性。烟叶苗期的种群分布曲线峰度最大,表现出更高的聚集性。无翅桃蚜在烟叶苗期的135°方向和团棵期的45。方向表现为随机分布。烟叶苗期的0°方向和45°方向可用线性有基台模型拟合,其他均可用球形+指数套合模型拟合,判断球形+指数套合模型是无翅桃蚜田间分布的主要模型,属于聚集型分布的范畴。块金值、基台值和变程均随田间虫口密度的增大而增大,苗期的随机程度(0.1905—0.7186)明显大于其他时期(0.0116—0.1620)。无翅桃蚜空间分布模拟图可以清晰地看出无翅桃蚜苗期迁移,旺The Enshi area is the percicae （ Sulzer）, is one of the populations is increasing rapidly, largest tobacco growing base in Hubei Province, China, and the peach aphid, Myzus most important pests of tobacco leaves in this region. The prevalence of peach aphid as are incidents of viral disease spread by these insect pests, both of which result insubstantial losses to tobacco production. More research on the spatial distribution and development of peach aphids will enhance the ability to predict its occurrence and comprehensively manage its populations. The alate form of the aphid migrates between tobacco fields and areas, whereas the population dynamics and occurrence cycles depend more on the insect＇s apterous type. Because the spatial structure of peach aphid populations in tobacco fields depends on the host＇s physiological and biochemical characteristics at different growth stages, more research is required to fully understand it. Classical statistical methods assume a random distribution, but insect populations show strong spatial correlation in the field. Newly-developed geological statistical methods can accommodate spatial correlation, allowing analyses of the spatial distribution of regionalized variables. We investigated the density of apterous peach aphids in tobacco fields at the seedling, rosette, rapid-growth, and maturity stages of growth and used geostatistical methods to analyze the spatial features and development of the insect, to simulate its distribution at different stages of tobacco, and to analyze the correlation between its spatial distribution during different stages of tobacco. The results showed that the aphid density was lowest at the tobacco seedling stage （ （5.59 ± 4.07） aphids per plant） and peaked at the rapid-growth stage （ （ 14.5 ± 9.6） aphids per plant）. The variable coefficient of the density was relatively large （0.6147-0.7281）, which indicated the inhomogeneity of the spatial distribution. The coefficient decreased as the population density increase

关 键 词：恩施烟区 烤烟 无翅桃蚜 地统计学 空间动态 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]