不同尺度因子对滦河流域大型底栖无脊椎动物群落的影响  

The influence of variables at different scales on stream benthic macroinvertebrates in Luanhe River Basin

作　　者：张海萍[1,2] 武大勇[3] 王赵明[1,2] 孙然好[1] 陈利顶[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]衡水学院生命科学系,衡水530000

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第5期1253-1263,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07501002002)

摘　　要：通过2011年滦河流域38个河段大型底栖无脊椎动物采集,探讨了河段尺度和流域尺度环境因子对大型底栖无脊椎动物分布的影响。其中,河段尺度因子包括水体/底质特征、河岸带特征和水质,流域尺度因子包括采样位置、流域土地利用结构和缓冲区土地利用结构。RDA(冗余分析)结果表明,河段尺度影响大型底栖无脊椎动物分布的关键因子为:细粒物质比例、河岸带植被盖度、河岸带人类干扰程度、河岸带农田比例、水面宽度和河道改造程度,总解释量为42%;流域尺度影响大型底栖无脊椎动物分布的关键因子为:纬度、海拔、流域内耕地面积百分比和流域面积,总解释量为32%。研究结果表明,河段尺度因子比流域尺度因子对于指示大型底栖无脊椎动物分布更为重要,在环境因子监测中应给以更多的重视。In the context of climate change and human-induced habitat destruction, biodiversity is being destroyed at an unprecedented rate. Moreover, the biodiversities in freshwater ecosystems are decreasing faster than those in terrestrial ecosystems. Less attention, however, has been paid to this issue. Compared with fish and algae, benthic macroinvertebrates, which have more advantages, become the most popular biological indicators of river health. Early studies were mostly focused on the influence of small-scale indicators on macroinvertebrates assemblages. Since the 1990s, some researchers started to pay attention to the impact of large-scale factors. Factors at landscape and watershed scale began to be treated equally or were given more concern. Understanding the relative influence of environmental variables at different scales is important in the distribution of large-scale monitoring points and fiver restoration. Based on environmental and biotic data of 38 sites within the Luan River Basin, the aims of the study were to identify the key factors related to macroinvertebrates at reach and catchment scales, and to determine which scale is more important in explaining the variation of macroinvertebrates assemblages in this region. Macroinvertebrate assemblages were collected by D-frame net and described by using community structure index and biotic attributes. Such methods were commonly used todescribe ecological condition of streams （ e.g., richness, feeding type）. Water chemistry and physical indicators were involved at reach scale. A majority of reach-scale physical indicators were measured using the method in reference to rapid biological assessment programs in the United States and the Australian community monitoring manual. The covered ratio of forest （%）, grassland （%）, arable land （%） and construction land （%） in each catchment and buffer zone were summarized as catchment-scale indicators. Redundancy analyses （RDA） was used to quantify macroinvertebrate-reach relationships. Key variab

关 键 词：大型底栖无脊椎动物 流域尺度 环境因子 滦河流域 

分 类 号：Q958.8[生物学—动物学]