台北故宫遗失的“女尸图”:可疑的性别  

Male or Female:Deciding the Gender of the Cadaver in the Missing Diagram from the National Palace Museum in Taipei

作　　者：韩健平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院自然科学史研究所

出　　处：《科学文化评论》2013年第6期65-74,共10页Science & Culture Review

摘　　要：台北故宫博物院曾遗失旧满洲档中保存的一幅明代尸图。工作人员认定尸图中的裸体人形为女性,故称"女尸图"。然而,这种性别认定是在常识和个人经验的帮助下,对一幅墨迹严重漶漫的次生性图像做出的,存在认定错误的可能性。本研究考察了历史上的尸图制度,发现尸图是由政府刊行的一种填注式的、男女共用的文书,但是,在人形图像的性别上一般处理成男性。基于这种制度安排,"女尸图"性别为男性的可能性很大。同时,本研究将"女尸图"与其他具有亲缘性的尸图进行比较,发现"女尸图"的一些所谓的女性特征主要是由墨迹的漶漫造成的,它的一些可辨认的形态特征却显示其性别很可能为男性。The naked human cadaver in a Ming diagram missi National Palace Museum in Taipei has been identified as a female, thus ng from the the diagram has been usually referred to as that of a ＂female＂ cadaver. The identification of the gender, however, can be mistaken, since it was made according to common sense and personal experience and the ink in which the image was drawn severely smudges This research examines the rules of producing diagrams of human cadavers in Chinese history. It finds that such diagrams were forms offered by the government which needed to be filled in every specific case and were applied to both genders in spite of the fact that the cadavers were usually represented as males regardless of their actual genders. Thus it is well possible that the gender of the cadaver in question is male. In addition, by comparing the diagram of the cadaver with related other ones, this research finds that the so called ＂female features＂ of the cadaver formed due to smudging of ink, while the cadaver＇ s discernable physical characteristics show that it is well possibly male

关 键 词：台北故宫女尸图性别 

分 类 号：D919.6[医药卫生—法医学]