农户异质性对农业技术培训参与的影响  

Research on the Influence of Farmer Heterogeneity on Their Participation in Agricultural Technology Training: Based on ZINB Model

作　　者：何安华[1] 刘同山[2] 孔祥智[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部农村经济研究中心,北京100810 [2]中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2014年第3期116-123,共8页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目"农业现代化体制机制创新与工业化;信息化;城镇化同步发展研究"(编号:13AZD003);国家自然科学基金面上项目"成员异质性;合作社理论创新与农民专业合作社发展政策体系构建"(编号:71273267)

摘　　要：近年来,随着土地流转加速和农民合作社的涌现,我国农户的异质性不断提高。本文将农户是否流转土地、是否加入合作社视为农户异质性的重要表现,考察其对农户参加农业技术培训的影响。基于鲁晋宁三省1 039户农户数据,构建了零膨胀负二项模型(ZINB)进行计量分析,并通过了稳健性检验。研究发现:租入土地不会显著影响农户的农业技术培训参与,但加入合作社会让农户参加更多培训。具体而言,租入土地农户参加农业技术培训的期望次数是不租入土地农户的1.04倍,而加入合作社农户参加农业技术培训的期望次数是未加入合作社农户的2.11倍。当前农业技术培训过于大众化造成的低瞄准性,是租入土地的规模经营农户没有对培训表现出更多需求的重要原因。本文的政策含义在于,农业技术培训政策需要做出适当调整,应结合已经分化的农户需求实行分层定位,提供差异化的技术培训服务,增强对不同培训目标人群的瞄准度;应给予开展农业技术培训服务的合作社更多支持。In recent years,the heterogeneity of Chinese farmer increasingly strengthens with the acceleration of land circulation and the emergence of farmer professional cooperatives.This paper takes the behavior of farmers in renting land or joining cooperative as the main manifestation of their heterogeneity,and investigates their influence on farmers＇ participation in agricultural technology training.This paper selects Zero-Inflated Negative Binomial（ZINB） and tests the model＇ s robustness,according to the nature of the survey data from 1 039 peasant households in Shandong,Shanxi and Ningxia provinces.The result indicates that the land tenancy behavior of farmers doesn＇t effect their participation behavior of agricultural technology training,but the possibility of participation agricultural will dramatically increase if a household joins in a farmers professional cooperative or only engages in agriculture management.In practical terms,the expected frequency of the farmers who rent land to participate in agricultural technology training is 1.044 0 times of the others,while the farmers who join cooperative is 2.112 9 times of the others.The current too run-of-mill agricultural technology training is an important reason of limiting farmers＇ demand for it.So the government should take the heterogeneity of farmers into account,organize agricultural technology training in differentiated positioning and give more subsidies to the cooperatives which carry out the agricultural technical training.

关 键 词：农户异质性 农民专业合作社 农业技术培训 ZINB模型 

分 类 号：F306.4[经济管理—产业经济]