浊漳河流域水质时空变化特征  

Spatial and Temporal Variation of Water Quality in Zhuozhang River Basin

作　　者：常惠丽 来晋斌 岳秀萍[2] 秦永燕[3] 任嘉红[3] 刘瑞祥[3] 

机构地区：[1]长治市环境监测站,山西长治046000 [2]太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院,太原030024 [3]长治学院生物科学与技术系,山西长治046011

出　　处：《太原理工大学学报》2014年第2期265-269,共5页Journal of Taiyuan University of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51378330);长治市科技计划项目(20123055);山西省高校科技研究开发基金资助项目(20081043)

摘　　要：依据2012年浊漳河流域15个样点的水质调查数据,采用聚类分析法对浊漳河流域水质变化特征进行分析。将样点在空间上分为4类:较为清洁的各支流源头区;受一定程度污染的各支流下游河段和三源交汇区;污染严重的流经农业区和城镇区的跨界、跨省断面;污染最为严重的分布有多个工业园区的南源中段。水质状况与流域内污染源具有明显的空间分布特征。采用主成分分析法得到影响浊漳河流域水质的2个主成分:第1主成分为BOD5、COD、TP、CODMn,第2主成分为F-,这些主成分均体现了各自的空间变异规律。在时间尺度上,F-有较明显的季节性差异,TP总体上反映出平水期>枯水期>丰水期,BOD5和COD没有明显的季节性变化规律。On the basis of the water quality survey including 15 sampling points of the Zhuozhang River basin in 2012, cluster analysis was done to characterize the variations of water quality. The sampling points were spatially divided into 4 groups according to their water quality： The first group, the source region of three tributaries, for which the water quality was the cleanest;The second, the lower reaches of the tributary streams and the intersection area of the headwaters source, which was polluted to some extent; The third, trans-provincial and trans-boundary cross sections of the steams running through the farming areas and town region, where the water was seriously polluted;The fourth, the middle region of the south source with many industrial parks, where the water is most seriously polluted. The analysis results show that the water quality and the sources of pollution in this basin had obvious spatial distribution characteristics. By means of principal component analysis, two principal components influencing the water quality in Zhuozhang River basin were identified. The first principal component included BOD5, COD, TP and CODMn. The second principal component was F . These two principal components had their own spatial variability. On time scale, F- had obvious seasonal variation, and the TP concentrations had the following pattern： average water period〉 low water period〉 abundant water period. However, for BOD5 and COD, there were no significant changes in their concentrations during different period.

关 键 词：浊漳河流域 水质时空变化 聚类分析 主成分分析 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]