海洛因依赖者抑制控制功能的损伤机制及其可逆性  

The Injury Mechanism and Reversibility on Inhibitory Control Function of Heroin Addicts

作　　者：杨玲[1] 张更生[1] 赵鑫[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2014年第3期439-447,共9页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31360233;31300838);教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(13YJC190032)资助

摘　　要：抑制控制障碍是海洛因依赖者认知功能受损的核心问题,是影响复吸的关键因素。大量研究证实了海洛因依赖者抑制控制功能的受损,并且发现长期药物滥用者额叶、前扣带回皮层、中脑腹侧被盖区、伏隔核、脑岛等相关脑区活动存在异常。以往研究表明海洛因依赖者抑制控制功能受损是一种持久性的、不可逆的脑损伤,但最近一些研究却提供了毒品戒断者抑制控制功能生物性恢复的证据。未来的研究应该更加关注多重冲突条件下海洛因依赖者抑制控制功能的研究,并且在戒毒实践中根据海洛因戒断者自身特点进行区分性治疗。Inhibitory control deficit is the core aspect of impaired cognitive function of heroin addicts and the key influencing factor of relapse. A number of studies confirmed that the inhibitory control function of heroin addicts were damaged, and the abnormal brain activity was found in the frontal lobe, anterior cingulate cortex, ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens and insula of chronic heroin users. Previous studies have shown that the inhibitory control deficit of heroin addicts was permanent and irreversible brain damage. However, some recent studies have provided evidence of inhibitory control function recovery of abstinent drug abusers. Besides, the researchers should pay more attention to the inhibitory control function of heroin addicts under the multiple conflict situations, and implement different treatment in the rehabilitation practice according to their own characteristics of abstinent heroin abusers in the future.

关 键 词：海洛因依赖者 海洛因戒断者 抑制控制 前额叶皮层 中脑边缘多巴胺系统 

分 类 号：B845[哲学宗教—心理学]