基于遥感和GIS的江苏省海岸线时空变化  

Spatiotemporal changes of Jiangsu coastline: A remote sensing and GIS approach

作　　者：李行[1,2] 张连蓬[1] 姬长晨 刘红樱[4] 黄巧华[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学测绘学院,徐州221116 [2]华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室,上海200062 [3]江苏师范大学城市与环境学院,徐州221116 [4]中国地质调查局南京地质调查中心,南京210016

出　　处：《地理研究》2014年第3期414-426,共13页Geographical Research

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(12KJD170002);河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLEC-KF201210);江苏师范大学自然科学研究基金项目(11XLR04);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(1212011220004)

摘　　要：以江苏省海岸1973-2012年的Landsat MSS/TM/ETM+遥感影像为数据源,利用遥感和GIS技术,对江苏省海岸线的时空变化进行分析。结果表明:显著侵蚀岸段以废黄河口为中心,北至新淮河口,南至双洋港,长度约79.05 km,占研究区岸线总长度的8%;淤涨岸段以弶港为中心,北至运粮河口,南至新中港,长约715.50 km,占72%;其它部分稳定岸段与淤涨岸段相间存在。最大侵蚀速率为-23.37±11.92 m/a,位于废黄河口南侧;最大淤涨速率为445.37±66.80 m/a,位于射阳河口南侧。围垦是江苏省岸线变化的主要因素。总的来看,1973年以来40年间共围垦1912.4 km2,1980年前后出现了一个围垦高峰,之后围垦强度明显减弱且进入休养期,90年代以后围垦又普遍加强。Remote sensing and GIS techniques were used to extract the digital coastlines from the Landsat MSS/TM/ETM ＋ images obtained from 1973 to 2012, and to analyze the shoreline and reclamation area change of the Jiangsu coast. The remarkable erosion section is located in the abandoned Yellow River Delta, north to the mouth of the New Huaihe River, south to Shuangyang Port, with a length of 79.05 kin, accounting for 8% of the total length of the Jiangsu coast. The main accretion section is centered in Jianggang Port, north to the mouth of the Yunliang River, south to Xinzhong Port, with a length of 715.50 km, accounting for 72% of the total length of the coast. The stable and accreting sections occur alternately in the rest of the coast. The maximum erosion rate is -23.37±11.92 m/a, occurring at the south side of the mouth of the abandoned Yellow River. The maximum accretion rate is 445.37±66.80m/a, occurring at the south side of the mouth of the Sheyang River. Reclamation is the main factor affecting the shoreline change along the Jiangsu coast. In general, a coastal area of about 1912.4 km^2 was reclaimed during the last 40 years from 1973 to 2012. The reclamation peak was found around 1980, then the reclamation rate reduced obviously, and reclamation activities have been reactivated since the 1990s.

关 键 词：海岸线变化 遥感 GIS 江苏省 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] P208[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] P737