不同覆膜及移栽方式对烤烟前期养分吸收与经济性状的影响  

Influence of Different Plastic Film Mulching and Transplanting Patterns on Nutrient Uptake and Economic Characters of Flue-cured Tobacco in Early Growth Stage

作　　者：徐盈[1] 许安定 吴树成 王书凤[1] 习向银[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学资源环境学院,重庆400716 [2]重庆烟草科学研究所,重庆400715 [3]重庆烟草公司彭水分公司,重庆409600

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2014年第3期33-36,共4页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：重庆市科委自然科学基金计划资助项目(2010BB1130);重庆市烟草公司资助项目(NY20110601070006)

摘　　要：为解决重庆烟区烤烟前期生长缓慢的问题,采用田间试验法研究了不同覆膜及移栽方式对烤烟前期养分吸收与经济性状的影响。结果表明:在烤烟生长前期,烟株氮、磷、钾吸收量均表现为叶>茎>根。单垄小苗膜下深凹移栽处理(T4)和单垄小苗膜下移栽处理(T3)对烤烟根、茎、叶和整株的氮、钾吸收量均有促进作用,尤其是对烟叶和整株的促进效应更为明显;T4、T3处理对提高烤烟叶片磷素吸收量也有促进作用,尤其是前者影响更为明显。而双垄膜上移栽处理(T1)则能明显增加根和茎中磷素的吸收。从经济性状来看,T1、T4、T3处理的烤烟产量、产值和中上等烟比例均显著高于壮苗膜上移栽处理(T2,即CK)。其中以T1处理最高,其产量、产值、中上等烟比例分别较CK增加了29.6%、43.1%、12.7个百分点。可见,2种单垄小苗膜下移栽方式均有利于烤烟前期各部位氮、钾的吸收,而双垄膜上移栽更有利于烤烟根、茎中磷素吸收,且其烟叶经济效益最高。In order to promote the growth and development of flue-cured tobacco in the early stage in Chongqing,a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of plastic film mulching and transplanting patterns on nutrient uptake and production and value of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that nitrogen（N）, phosphorus（P） and potassium（K） uptake of all treatments was characterized by leaf〉stem〉root in the early growth stage of flue-cured tobacco. The treatment of transplanting young tobacco seedlings into deep concave and single ridge with plastic film mul- ching（T4） and the treatment of transplanting young tobacco seedlings into single ridge with plastic film mulching（T3） significantly promoted N and K uptake in root, stem, leaf and whole plant of flue-cured tobacco,especially in leaf and whole plant. T4 and T3 had obviously promoting effect on P uptake in leaf of flue-cured tobacco, especially the former. However, the treatment of trans-planting tobacco seedlings into double ridges with plastic film mulching（T1 ） could obviously enhance the absorption of phosphorus in root and stem. From the point of economic characters, compared with the treatment of transplanting tobacco seedlings into single ridge with plastic film mulching（T2 ,CK）,production,value,middle and upper grade proportion of the other three treatments were all obviously improved. Compared with CK, T1 achieved most significant difference among the other three treatments with the yield increased by 29. 6%, the value increased by 43.1% and the proportion of superior tobacco increased by 12. 7 percentage points. Visibly, the two treatments of transplanting young tobacco seedlings into single ridge with plastic film mulching are conducive to the absorption of nitrogen and potassium in the early stage of flue-cured tobacco. However,the treatment of transplanting tobacco seedlings into double ridges with plastic film mulching is more advantageous to phosphorus absorption of root and stem,and its economic benefit of tobacco

关 键 词：烤烟 覆膜 移栽方式 生长前期 养分吸收 经济性状 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]