东莞与邻近地区土沉香居群的叶形态和遗传多样性分析  

Leaf morphology and genetic diversity of Aquilaria sinensis in Dongguan and its surrounding areas

作　　者：黄久香[1] 刘宪宽[1] 叶永昌 刘颂颂 莫罗坚 庄雪影[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广东广州510642 [2]东莞市林业科学研究所,广东东莞523106

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第3期153-158,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：东莞市科技计划资金(201010810105);广东省林业科技创新专项资金(2009KJCX002-04);东莞市林业科学研究所基金(4400-08112)

摘　　要：利用ISSR技术分析了土沉香〔Aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg.〕4居群的遗传多样性及遗传分化。应用9条引物从4个居群共221份样品中共扩增出105个位点,其中多态性位点为104个,多态位点百分率(PPB%)为99.05%。等位基因数(Na)和有效等位基因数(Ne)分别为1.9905和1.5854;Nei’s基因多样性指数(H)为0.3390,Shannon信息指数(I)为0.5054,表明土沉香种内存在较丰富的遗传多样性。土沉香4个居群总的遗传变异(Ht)为0.3236,居群内的遗传变异(Hs)为0.2500,居群间的遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.2274,基因流(Nm)为1.6983。UPGMA聚类分析结果显示,电白居群和大岭山居群优先聚类,然后再与清溪居群聚类,而广西居群与其余3个居群明显分离,显示出较大的遗传分化;电白居群的大叶类群的分化大于小叶类群;东莞大岭山小叶类群与电白居群遗传相似性较高,而大岭山大叶类群与清溪居群的遗传相似性较高。基于该研究结果,认为东莞大岭山居群部分来自清溪自然居群,部分与电白居群来源相同,它们均来源于海南。The population genetic diversity and differentiation of Aquilaria sinensis were analyzed by using ISSR. A total of 105 loei were generated by using 9 primers for 221 samples of 4 A. sinensis population. A toal of 104 loci were polymorphic and the percentage of polymorphic bands （PPB%） was 99.05%. Observed number of alleles （Na） and effective number of alleles （Ne） were 1.9905 and 1.5854 respectively. Effective number of alleles （H） and Shannon＇s information index （I） were 0.3390 and 0.5054 respectively. These results indicated that there was a high level of genetic diversity in A. sinensis at the species level. Total gene diversity （Ht） was 0.3236 among 4 populations of A. sinensis. Gene diversity within population （Hs） is 0.2500. The Nei＇s coefficient differentiations （Gst） was 0.2274. The estimate of gene flow （Nm） was 1.6983. The results of UPGMA revealed that the samples of Dianbai population clustered with Dalingshan population firstly, then clustered with Qingxi population. The samples of Guangxi population didn＇t cluster with the other populations which showed that it had large genetic divergence form them. The results of UPGMA of individual samples revealed that between the first and second generations of Dianbai population, there was larger divergence in the large-leaved subgroup than that of small-leaved one. The small-leaved subgroup of Dalingshan population had close relation with the first generation subgroup of Dianbai one. The large-leaved subgroup of Dalingshan population had close relation with the Qingxi population. These results revealed that part of Dalingshan population might come from Qingxi population, and the rest of Dalingshan population might have the same origins with Dianbai population.

关 键 词：土沉香 遗传多样性 遗传结构 

分 类 号：Q346.5[生物学—遗传学]