不同蛋白水平饲料对刺参生长和消化酶活性的影响  

Effect of Feeds with Different Protein Contents on the Growth of Sea Cucumbers(Apostichopus japanicus)and Activity of Their Digestive Enzymes

作　　者：冯丹[1] 高勤峰[1] 董双林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第2期35-40,共6页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31172426;31372549);国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03);国家星火计划项目(2012GA740001);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-11-0466)资助

摘　　要：通过在刺参饲料中添加不同含量的鱼粉，调节饲料中蛋白水平，测定不同蛋白水平对刺参（Apostichopus japonicus）消化酶活性的影响，以稳定同位素分析技术研究刺参对不同食物组分的吸收效率。实验分6个饲料处理组，鱼粉添加量分别为O（A组）、2％（B组）、5％（C组）、10％（D组）、15％（E组）和20％（F组）。实验过程中，分别于初始时间、第一周、第二周、第四周、第八周和第十二周采集刺参样品，测定刺参的特定生长率、稳定同位素13C／12C、15N／14N值和消化酶活性。结果显示：D组刺参的特定生长率最高，且与C组无显著差异（P〉0．05），F组显著低于其它组（P〈0．05）；D组鱼粉对刺参的食物贡献率最高，显著高于其它组（P〈0．05）；消化酶活性方面，蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性均为c组最高，且在饲养过程中，蛋白酶活性一直呈上升趋势，而淀粉酶活性则是先下降后上升。从刺参生长、鱼粉食物贡献率和消化酶活性综合考虑，鱼粉添加量在5％～10％最利于刺参生长。The effect of feeds with different protein contents on the growth of sea cucumbers （Apostichopus japanicus） and the activity of their digestive enzymes were determined in this study. The feeds tested contained 0 （A）, 2% （B）, 5%（C）, 10%（D）, 15%（E） and 20%（F） fishmeal, respectively. Sea cucumber individuals were collected at beginning and when they were fed for 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The results revealed that sea cucumber feeding on D showed the highest specific growth rate （SGR）, but not significantly different from sea cucumber feeding on C （P〉0.05）. Sea cucumber feeding on F showed the lowest SGR （P〈0.05）. Stable isotope analysis showed that the contribution of fishmeal to the feed of sea cucumber was the highest in D （P〈0.05）. Sea cucumber feeding on C showed the highest protease and amylase activity. The protease activity continuously increased throughout the experiment; while amylase activity increased at the beginning and decreased afterward. Our findings indicated that sea cucumber performed best and digested the feed most effectively when their feed contained 5%-10% fishmeal.

关 键 词：刺参 蛋白 稳定同位素 食物贡献率 消化酶活性 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]