不同生育期小麦秸营养动态及饲用价值  

Nutrient Dynamic and Feeding Values of Wheat Straws in Different Growing Stages

作　　者：穆会杰 刘庆华[1] 邢其银[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南牧业经济学院畜牧工程系,郑州450046 [2]河南农业大学牧医工程学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2014年第2期549-556,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(102102110113)

摘　　要：为深入揭示小麦秸饲用价值,试验采用康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)对不同生育期小麦秸营养价值进行评定,测定乳熟末期、蜡熟初期、蜡熟中期和蜡熟末期以及完熟期小麦秸CNCPS营养成分与17种氨基酸含量,应用CNCPS公式计算出碳水化合物(CHO)和粗蛋白质(CP)组分。结果表明:1)小麦秸蜡熟末期CHO含量极显著高于其他各期(P<0.01)。CHO组分中,乳熟末期非结构碳水化合物和可利用纤维含量分别极显著高于和低于其他各期(P<0.01),其他各期间差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)随生育期延迟,小麦秸CP含量降至蜡熟末期最低值(P<0.01),完熟期又回升(P<0.05)。CP组分中,完熟期可溶性粗蛋白质(SP)含量极显著或显著低于其他各期(P<0.01或P<0.05),蜡熟中期显著低于蜡熟末期(P<0.05);前2期不可降解粗蛋白质含量极显著低于后3期(P<0.01),其他各期间差异不显著(P>0.05)。3)总必需氨基酸(TEAA,%CP)含量表现为降低—回升,拐点在蜡熟末期;蛋氨酸含量(%TEAA)表现为下降—上升—下降,拐点出现在蜡熟中期与完熟期;蜡熟末期非氨基酸氮含量(%SP)极显著低于蜡熟中期与完熟期(P<0.01)。结果提示,生育期可不同程度地影响小麦秸CP和CHO含量及组成,同时也改变氨基酸模式与非氨基酸氮含量。The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutrient values of wheat straw in different growing stages using the Cornell net carbohydrate-protein system （ CNCPS） .The contents of common nutrients and 17 kinds of amino acids were determined by CNCPS, and carbohydrate （ CHO） and crude protein （ CP） constitu-ents were calculated according to the CNCPS method in milk stage telophase, wax ripe stage initial, wax ripe stage metaphase, wax ripe stage telophase, and full ripe stage of wheat straw.The results showed as follows：1 ） the CHO content of wheat straw in wax ripe stage telophase was significantly higher than that in the other growing stages （ P〈0 .01 ） .Among CHO constituents, non-structural carbohydrate and available fiber con-tents in milk stage telophase were significantly lower or higher than those in the other growing stages （ P 〈0.01）, respectively, and there were no significant differences among the other growing stages （P〉0.05）. 2） The CP content of wheat straw was decreased to the minimum in wax ripe stage telophase （P〈0.01）, and went up in full ripe stage （ P〈0 .05 ） .Among CP constituents, soluble crude protein （ SP） content in full ripe stage was significantly lower than that in the other stages （ P〈0 .01 or P〈0 .05 ） , and significantly lower in the wax ripe stage metaphase than that in the wax ripe stage telophase （ P〈0 .05 ） .Unavailable crude protein content in the first two stages was significantly lower than that in the last three stages （ P〈0.01） with no sig-nificant differences among the other growing stages （P〉0.05）.3） Total essential amino acid （TEAA） con-tent of CP changed in a low-high dynamic pattern, and had a turning point in the wax ripe stage telophase.Me-thionine content of TEAA changed in a low-high-low dynamic pattern, and had a turning point in the wax ripe stage metaphase and the full ripe stage, respectively.Non-amino acid nitrogen content of SP in the wax ripe stage telophase was very signi

关 键 词：康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系 生育期 小麦秸 氨基酸模式 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]