鳌山湾增殖放流中国明对虾的研究  

Studies on the Fenneropenaeus chinensis released in the Aoshan Bay

作　　者：李忠义[1] 金显仕[1] 吴强[1] 栾青杉[1] 陈瑞盛[1] 王俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东省渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2014年第3期410-416,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31072250);国家重点基础发展计划项目(2011CB409805);农业部公益性行业科研专项(201303050);山东省泰山学者工程专项

摘　　要：为优选青岛市沿海中国明对虾的港湾增殖放流点,本实验于2010年6月至9月采用拖网调查,对鳌山湾渔业资源生物背景、放流中国明对虾的资源量和生长特性进行了研究。结果显示:(1)5个航次拖网调查的渔获物组成中与中国明对虾食性类似的口虾蛄捕获量最大,占总捕获量的46.66%,中国明对虾的天敌虎鱼和鲬的捕获量很少,占总捕获量的1.28%。浮游植物生物水平评价等级为Ⅴ级;(2)中国明对虾的资源调查回捕率约为0.10%,偏低,港口码头走访调查回捕率为1.20%,属正常值,但相对偏低;(3)中国明对虾生长速度较快,具有雌雄差异,最大体质量日增长量分别为0.88和0.47 g。生长初期雄虾生长较快,但后期雌虾生长速度更快,且能达到更大的规格,其渐近体质量与体长雌虾为:L∞=200.83 mm、W∞=104.05 g;雄虾为:L∞=172.64 mm、W∞=38.81 g。开捕时雌雄中国明对虾的平均体质量分别为43.25和34.20 g左右,已达到捕捞规格。鳌山湾渔业资源种类组成、浮游植物生物水平等级、放流中国明对虾的资源量、生长特性等重要数据证实鳌山湾适合中国明对虾的放流。In order to select suitable sea gulfs from the coastal waters of Qingdao for the growing of released Fenneropenaeus chinensis, we studied the species composition of fishery resources, stock biomass and growth characteristics of released F. chinensis in the Aoshan Bay from June to September 2010. The results showed that： （a）five bottom trawl surveys showed that the Oratosquilla oratoria had the highest catch, being 46.66% of all species＇ catches,while the catches of Cryptocentrus hexanema and Platycephalus indicus that are the predators of F. chinensis were 1.28%. The evaluation grade to biomass of phytoplankton was ~ ; （2） The trawl surveys showed that the recapture rate of F. chinensis was 0.10% , while the recapture rate of F. chinensis from production investigation of fisherman was 1.20% , a little lower than the results of most surveys in Bohai Sea. （3） The F. chinensis had fast growth rate, the male and female F. chinensis had different growth pattern during their growth period, the maximal dWt/dt of female F. chinensis was 0.88, and male was 0.47 g. The growth rate of male was faster than that of the female at early growth period. In late growth period, the growth rate of male and female F. chinensis ran counter to that of male and female F. chinensis in the early growth period. The body length of female F. chinensis was larger than that of male F. chinensis in catchable time. The body length asymptotic values of female and male F. chinensis were L_∞= 200.83 mm and L_∞= 172.64 mm respectively, while the weight asymptotic values of female and male F. chinensis were W_∞ = 104.05 g and W_∞= 38.81 g respectively. The average weights of male and female F. chinensis in catchable time were 34.20 and 43.25 g respectively, reached the optimum catchable size. According to the species composition of fishery resources and the evaluation grade to biomass of phytoplankton in the Aoshan Bay,the growth characteristics and stock biomass of the released F. chinensis, we think that the Aoshan Bay is th

关 键 词：中国明对虾 增殖放流 资源量 生长特性 鳌山湾 

分 类 号：S931.5[农业科学—渔业资源]