超声波处理对水稻种子萌发、产量及产量构成的影响  

Effects of Ultrasound on Seed Germination,Yield and Yield Components of Rice

作　　者：袁经天[1] 严锦璇 汪德锋[1] 曹明[1] 柯用春[1] 

机构地区：[1]三亚市南繁科学技术研究院,海南三亚572000 [2]广州市珑腾能源设备有限公司,广州510000

出　　处：《中国稻米》2014年第2期53-55,共3页China Rice

基　　金：海南省重大科技项目"主要作物南繁育制种关键技术研究与产业示范"(ZDZX2013010)

摘　　要：以杂交水稻品种隆优619和常规水稻南育红籼、南育黑籼为试验材料,采用20 kHz和40 kHz混合频率超声波对水稻种子处理30 min,以不用超声波处理作为对照,通过温室培养和田间试验,研究混合频率超声波处理对水稻萌发、产量及主要经济性状的影响。结果表明,超声波处理提高了南育红籼和隆优619的产量,较对照分别增产13.7%和26.2%;超声波处理的隆优619单位面积有效穗数较对照增加12.8%,而南育红籼无显著差异;超声波处理的南育红籼千粒重较对照增加10.3%,达显著水平,而处理后的隆优619千粒重与对照相比差异不大;超声波刺激对南育红籼和隆优619的每穗总粒数、每穗实粒数和结实率均无显著影响;超声波刺激后隆优619种子发芽率降低了8.43个百分点,而南育红籼和南育黑籼的发芽率无明显变化。Effects of ultrasonic treatment on rice germination, yield and yield components, of hybrid rice variety Longyou 619, conventional rice varieties Nanyuhongxian and Nanyuheixian, were studied in greenhouse cultivation and field experiments. The 20 kHz and 40 kHz frequency ultrasound were used on rice seed for 30 min, with no ultrasound treatment as the control. The resuhs showed that ultrasonic treatment increased the yield of Longyou 619 and Nanyuhongxian, by 26.2% and 13.7% compared to the control; ultrasonic treatment increased panicles per unit area of Longyou 619 by 12.8% compared with the control, but had no efects on the panicles per unit area of Nanyuhongxian with the control, and increased grain weight of Nanyuhongxian by 10.3% compared with the control, and had no effects on the grain weight of Longyou 619 and on total grains, filled grains per panicle and seed setting rate of Longyou 619 and Nanyuhongxian. The germination rate of Longyou 619 decreased by 8.43 percentage points after ultrasonic treatment, but the other two varieties had no significant changes.

关 键 词：水稻 超声波 发芽率 发芽速度 产量 产量构成 

分 类 号：S511.041[农业科学—作物学]