山东省济宁市地方性氟中毒防治现状调查  

An survey of endemic fluorosis in Jining City, Shandong Province

作　　者：刘源[1] 郭瑞娟[1] 黄居梅[1] 王欣[1] 杨芳[1] 孙国栋[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省地方病防治研究所中心实验室,济南250014

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2014年第2期174-177,共4页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2009）

摘　　要：目的调查山东省济宁市地方性氟中毒（地氟病）流行现状，为防治工作提供依据。方法按《山东省地方性氟中毒防治项目技术实施方案》的要求，选择济宁市的任城区、金乡县、鱼台县、嘉祥县、梁山县5个县（区）作为监测地，各县（区）按轻、中、重病区各选择1个村作为重点调查村，共15个村，调查饮水氟含量、儿童氟斑牙与成人临床氟骨症患病情况及人群尿氟水平。水氟和尿氟检测采用氟离子选择电极法，儿童氟斑牙检查采用Dean法，氟骨症诊断采用《地方性氟骨症诊断标准》（WS192．2008）。结果在5个县（区）的15个村共检测水样61份，氟含量超过国家标准（〉1．0m#L）的水样9份，超标率为14．75％。其中〉2．0m#L的水样1份，水氟最大值为2．25mg／L。共检测人群即时尿样717份，其中儿童420例，成人297例，尿氟几何均数分别为1．53、1．69mg／L。对755名8—12岁儿童进行氟斑牙检查，氟斑牙检出率为26．89％（203／755），缺损率为9．12％（29／755），氟斑牙指数为0．65。共对11565名成人进行了临床氟骨症症状与体征调查，检出率为4．76％（550／11565），其中中、重度病例共303例。结论济宁市外环境水氟超标得到一定控制，群体尿氟水平接近正常上限，氟斑牙与氟骨症流行得到一定程度抑制。今后的防治重点是进一步巩固和扩大防治成果，以期彻底消除高氟危害。Objective To investigate the epidemic status of endemic fluorosis in Shandong Province, Jining City, and tO provide a basis for prevention and control of the disease. Methods Based on ＂Shandong Provincial Project Technical Solutions for Endemic Fluorosis＂, Rencheng, Jinxiang, Yutai, Jiaxiang and Liangshan Counties in Jining were selected as monitoring sites. According to the illness situation of mild, moderate or serious districts, one village was selected as a major survey site from each county（district）. There were a total of 15 such villages selected. Survey content included drinking water fluorine level; dental fluorosis of children, adults＇ clinical skeletal fluorosis and urinary fluorine levels; water and urinary fluoride content were determined by the method of fluoride ion selective electrode; dental fluorosis of children was diagnosed by Deans method and clinical diagnosis was based on the ＂Diagnostic Criteria of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis＂（WS 192-2008）. Results Sixty-one water samples from 15 villages of five counties （districts） were tested. Fluoride levels of 9 out of the 61 samples were exceeded the national standard （ 〉 1.0 rag/L）, and the rate was 14.75%; l sample 〉 2.0 mg/L, and the maximum water fluoride was 2.25 mg/L. Seven hundred and seventeen people＇s real time urinary fluoride was detected in the 15 villages, including 420 children and 297 adults, and the geometric mean were 1.53 and 1.69 rag/L, respectively. Clinical examination of 755 children aged 8 to 12 showed that the detection rate of dental fluorosis was 26.89% （203/755）; defect rate was 9.12% （29/755） and dental fluorosis index weres 0.65. The detection rate of clinical skeletal fluorosis of 11 565 adults was 4.76% （550/11 565）, including 303 moderate or serious cases. Conclusions The situation of excessive water fluorine in outside environment in Jining City has been controlled at a certain degree; groups urinary fluoride level is closed to the normal upper limit; the prevalence of dental

关 键 词：氟化物中毒 氟中毒 牙 氟骨症 数据收集 

分 类 号：R599[医药卫生—内科学]