陆上复杂介质下高精度叠前宽方位角地震采集技术——以镇巴工区为例  

High-resolution prestack wide azimuth seismic acquistion technique in complex media of land——a example in Zhenba area

作　　者：李桂林[1] 夏忠谋[2] 陈高[3] 齐中山[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质调查局发展研究中心,北京100037 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [3]中石化勘探南方分公司,成都610041

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2014年第1期282-290,共9页Progress in Geophysics

摘　　要：随着勘探目标日益复杂,常规的窄方位角地震采集技术已经难以满足当前勘探需求.宽方位角采集技术含有丰富的方位角信息,有利于对深层、高陡构造、各向异性岩体进行成像.国外宽方位角勘探多集中在以墨西哥湾岩下油藏为代表的地区,而国内宽方位角勘探研究多集中在陆上.本文以镇巴区块为例,针对地震资料信噪比低和高陡复杂构造成像难的问题,进行宽方位角三维观测系统设计及采集攻关,在增强激发接收效果、压噪能力、提高静校正精度、改善陡倾角地层成像效果等方面采取了针对性技术措施.这些技术措施的应用不仅大幅度改善了地震剖面的成像质量,而且具有普遍的推广意义.With increasing complexity of exploration objects, conventional narrow azimuth seismic acquisition techniques have not meet the demands of current exploration. Wide azimuth data sets involve abundant azimuth information which is beneficial to image deep layers, high-steep structures and anisotropic rock mass. Foreign wide azimuth exploration researches mostly focus on the areas of Gulf of Mexico as a representative of sub-salt reservoirs. However, domestic research concentrate on land. In this paper, Zhenba area as an example of land, we designed the 3D wide azimuth surveysystem and studied acquisition techniques facing some problems such as low signal to noise ratio seismic data sets and imaging high-steep structures difficultly, and made pertinent techinical strategies in increasing shooting and receving effects, superessing noise abilities, improving resolution of static correction and imaging effects of steep layers. The strategies not only improved the quality of seismic profiles, but also had ~eneral oromotinm significance

关 键 词：低信噪比 高陡复杂构造 高精度叠前偏移 宽方位三维 地震采集 观测系统 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]