水性聚氨酯缔合增稠剂的制备及其增稠特性  

Preparation of Waterborne Polyurethane Associative Thickeners and Thickening Characteristics

作　　者：王伟[1,2] 范浩军[1,2] 汪峰 杜鹏 

机构地区：[1]四川大学皮革化学与工程教育部重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]四川大学合成革研究中心,四川成都610065 [3]浙江德美博士达高分子材料有限公司,浙江丽水323000

出　　处：《中国皮革》2014年第5期10-14,共5页China Leather

摘　　要：制备了一种水性聚氨酯缔合增稠剂,并探讨了多种因素对增稠效果的影响。结果表明:异氰酸酯的疏水性和空间位阻影响增稠效率,以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯合成增稠剂的增稠效果,优于异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯和4,4'-二环己基甲烷二异氰酸酯;适量减少亲水链段长度或降低分子质量,可以提高增稠效率。本研究最适分子质量在1万左右时增稠效率最佳,剪切速率、温度和溶剂对增稠效果均有较明显地削弱作用,且有如下规律:低剪切速率区温度影响更为显著;极性较弱的溶剂丁酮比强极性的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和乙醇的削弱作用更弱;少量HLB值(亲水亲油平衡值)较高的阴离子型表面活性剂十二烷基磺酸钠,会明显削弱增稠效率,而HLB值较低的非离子型OP-10(烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚)则影响不大。A series of WPUAT （Waterborne Polyurethane Associative Thickeners） was prepared and the influence of various factors on their thickening characteristics were investigated. The results show that hydrophobicity and steric hindrance of diisocya- nate have a negative effect on thickening efficiency; HDI - based WPUAT has a better thickening effect than that of IPDI and HM- DI - based WPUAT. Hydrophilic chain length and molecular weight of WPUAT also influence the thickening efficiency, a moder- ate decrease of hydrophilic chain length or molecular weight of WPUAT could improve the thickening effect. In this experiment, the optimum molecular weight is around 10 000. Shearing rate, temperature and solvents have distinct negative effect on viscosity of emulsion and follows Such a rule： influence of temperature on thickening effect is more obvious at low shearing rate than that of at high shearing rate. Compared with polar soh/ent such as DMF and ethanol, MEK with weak polarity shows weak decreasing effect on viscosity of emulsion. A small amount of anionic surfactant SDS with higher HLB value has a strong extinction effect on thickening efficiency, and nonionic surfactant OP - 10 with smaller HLB value has a weak effect.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯缔合增稠剂 增稠效率 影响因素 聚氨酯乳液 

分 类 号：TQ630.49[化学工程—精细化工]