超深层裂缝-孔隙型致密砂岩储集层表征与评价——以库车前陆盆地克拉苏构造带白垩系巴什基奇克组为例  

Characterization and evaluation of ultra-deep fracture-pore tight sandstone reservoirs: A case study of Cretaceous Bashijiqike Formation in Kelasu tectonic zone in Kuqa foreland basin, Tarim, NW China

作　　者：张惠良[1,2] 张荣虎 杨海军[3] 寿建峰[1,2] 王俊鹏 刘春 陈戈 

机构地区：[1]中国石油杭州地质研究院 [2]中国石油天然气集团公司碳酸盐岩重点实验室 [3]中国石油塔里木油田公司

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》2014年第2期158-167,共10页Petroleum Exploration and Development

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2011CB201106);中国石油科技重大专项(2010E-2100)

摘　　要：以库车前陆盆地克拉苏构造带深层白垩系巴什基奇克组砂岩储集层为例，研究成岩压实和构造挤压双重作用下裂缝-孔隙型（裂缝-原生孔隙型和裂缝-溶蚀孔隙型两类）超深层储集层的表征和评价方法。巴什基奇克组砂岩储集层埋深超过6000m，属超深层储集层，针对性构建了集宏观微相．岩相识别、厘米一微米级裂缝描述、微米级孔隙刻画、纳米级喉道表征为一体的超深层裂缝性致密砂岩储集层表征与评价技术。研究认为有效储集层的储集空间由构造裂缝及微米级孔隙、纳米级孔喉组成，基质孔隙半径主要为2～100gm，基质喉道半径主要为10-500nm，裂缝开启度主值区为100-300μm；有效储集层发育主要受控于微相一岩相、构造挤压和溶蚀作用。相对优质储集层的储集空间由裂缝、残余粒间孔和溶蚀孔隙组成，发育于弱构造挤压带与水下分流河道叠合区。7000m以深有利储集层可成带连片分布，8000m以深仍发育有效储集层。Taking the Cretaceous Basijiqike Formation sandstone reservoirs in the Kuqa foreland basin as an example, this paper studies the characterization and evaluation methods of fracture-pore （fracture-primary pore and fracture-dissolution pore） ultra-deep reservoirs under the double effects of diagenetic compaction and tectonic compression. Buried over 6 000 m deep, the sandstone reservoirs of Basijiqike Formation are ultra-deep reservoirs, aimed at which, an ultra-deep fracture tight sandstone reservoir characterization technique is built, which integrates macroscopic microfacies-lithofacies identification, centimeter-micron scale fracture description, micron pore depiction and nano-throat characterization. The research indicates that the effective reservoir space consists of structural fractures, micron pores and nano-pore throats. The main radius of matrix pores is 2-100 larn, that of matrix throats is 10-500 nm and the main area of fracture opening degree is 100-300 lam. Effective reservoirs are mainly controlled by microfacies-lithofacies, tectonic compression and erosion. Relatively high-quality reservoir spaces consist of fractures, residual intergranular pores and dissolution pores, developed in the stacked area of weak compacted structure zone and underwater distributary channel zone. Favourable reservoirs over 7 000 m deep can be in continuous band distribution, there still could be effective reservoirs in formations over 8 000 m deep.

关 键 词：库车前陆盆地 巴什基奇克组 超深层 裂缝 溶蚀孔隙 原生孔隙 储集层表征 

分 类 号：TE122.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]