1990-2011年沙坡头自然保护区景观变化  

Landscape change in the Shapotou Nature Reserve from 1990 to 2011

作　　者：来婷婷[1,2] 王乃昂[1,2] 高翔[1,2] 杨亦宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]兰州大学干旱区气候变化与水循环研究中心,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2014年第1期115-124,共10页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家环保公益性行业科研专项项目(201209034)资助

摘　　要：以1990、1996、2002、2007和2011年5期遥感数据为主要数据源,对沙坡头自然保护区景观变化进行分析。结果表明:1990-2011年沙坡头自然保护区景观发生了显著变化,耕地、用材林、水域及建设用地面积增加,草地和沙地面积减小,防护林和荒漠草原面积呈现波动变化。研究区景观类型主要转化特征是沙地和草地转为耕地、用材林和水域,防护林、沙地与荒漠草原间存在相互转化。景观动态度逐年增大,表明人类干扰强度逐年增加。景观格局分析表明,区域主导景观由以沙地为主的自然景观向以用材林为主的经营景观过渡,区域主导景观格局变化对区域总体景观动态产生影响。1990-2007年,区域景观多样性程度逐渐增加,斑块形状不规则化程度增加,分布趋向分散和破碎化的混合排列。2007-2011年,区域景观多样性程度降低,斑块形状规则程度增加,分布趋向集中连片态势。The landscape change is one of the main driving forces that affect the ecological environment change. And different landscape process depends on the different landscape pattern. The quantitative research of landscape change using the landscape The quantitative research of indexes helps in revealing the landscape patches heterogeneity and ecological process. landscape veal the characteristics of landscape pattern on the basis of dynamic monitoring on the landscape structure can re- change and driving force in order to guide the work of landscape planning and environmental protection. With the development of geographical information system and remote sensing technique, more and more new methods based on these new technique are produced, which opens up new avenues for research- ers to carry out in-depth study on the field of landscape change. The arid area is a strangely influenced region by hu- man activities and the ecology is sensitive and vulnerable there. The fragility of its nature environment is affected synthetically by physical factor and artificial factor. With the interaction of all the factors, the fragility environment may be changing towards an unfavourable direction for resource utilization by human. Shapotou is located in arid re- gion of northwest China, which has a fragile ecological environment. Since its establishment, the Shapotou Nature Reserve has been developing the ecological construction with the integration between developing production and maintaining ecological balance. While production activities in the Shapotou Nature Reserve positively imapct on eco- logical environment. Therefore further study on the ecotope topic of this reserve with fragile ecological environment and intense interfere of human beings will be scientifically and practically meaningful. Above all, based on the TM images in 1990, 1996,2007 and 2011 and the ETM＋ image in 2002, the changes of landscape structure and land- scape patterns were analyzed in the Shapotou Natute Reserve. The research on the changing characte

关 键 词：景观结构 景观格局 沙坡头自然保护区 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P901[天文地球—自然地理学]