基于城市地理学视角的社区居民满意度研究——以乌鲁木齐市为例  

Community residents' satisfaction based on the persective of urban geography:a case Urumqi City

作　　者：雷军[1] 王建锋 段祖亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]乌鲁木齐市水磨沟区房屋征收与补偿管理办公室,新疆乌鲁木齐830017

出　　处：《干旱区地理》2014年第1期153-162,共10页Arid Land Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41071113)

摘　　要：城市是一个复杂的自组织巨系统,具有一定的层次结构和功能。社区是组建社会的微观单位,是城市的细胞,在中国城市转型的过程中,社区成为城市空间重要构件和城市内部社会空间结构研究的基本单位,当前社区居民满意度研究是社会学者和城市地理学者关注的重点,居民满意度成为评价社区建设与管理的重要标准之一。基于城市地理学视角,采用层次分析法和因子分析法建立满意度评价模型,以乌鲁木齐市6种类型7个案例社区中的743户居民为调查对象,对城市社区居民满意度进行实证研究,深入探讨了社区居民满意度的影响因素和作用机理。研究表明:影响居民满意度的内在因素中社区类型差别是关键,社区周边环境对居民做出判断具有决策效应,社区居民个体差异,包括年龄结构差异、文化水平差异、收入状况差异对居民满意度评价具有重要影响。通过问卷调查和半结构式访谈相结合的方式,对调查对象所反馈的信息进行一种客观描述和重现,期望对后续学者进行社区其他领域的研究提供参考。居民满意度研究有利于提高居民对社区建设的支持度,为城市社区的建设、管理和可持续发展提供科学依据和政策指引。In the process of the urban transformation, communities are the most basic unit used to study the urban social spatial structure in China. Community residents satisfaction are the studing focus of sociologists and urban ge- ographers. And resident satisfaction is also an important evaluation criteria of community building and management. This paper studies the community residents＇ satisfaction on the level of communities and perspective of urban geogra- phy. Based on the analytic hierarchy process and principal component analysis of statistical theory, this paper builds an evaluation index system and the ＂resident satisfaction evaluation model＂ to research the community residents＇ sat- isfaction, which chooses five structural variables （foundation facilities, construction management, living environ- ment, living space and neighborhood relations） involving 15 indicators. According to seven communities, 743 resi- dents on different-types communities of Urumqi City, Xinjiang, China, this paper discusses the influence on resi- dents＇ satisfaction and underlying mechanisms. The main conclusions are as follows：various factors affect residents＇ overall satisfaction; differences in community type are critical, and a community＇ s surrounding environment affects the residents＇ judgment; community residents＇ individual differences, which including the age structure, cultural level, and income status, also have an important impact on residents＇ satisfaction. According to surveys and semi-structured interviews, this paper achieves an objective description and reproduces information on the survey resident. It will be helpful for the optimizing the spatial distribution of the community in order to serve the residents. The sustainable development of community is important for improving＇ the residents＇ living quality, especially for the residents to support community construction and provide scientific guidelines for sustainable development. Most im- portantly, this will be effective for city managem

关 键 词：居民 满意度 城市社区 层次分析法 乌鲁木齐市 

分 类 号：F299.1[经济管理—国民经济]