夏季风期间南海对流活动对西北太平洋热带气旋的影响分析  被引量:7

THE IMPACT OF CONVECTION OVER THE SOUTH CHINA SEA ON TROPICAL CYCLONES IN THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC DURING SUMMER MONSOON

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作  者:霍利微 郭品文[1] 

机构地区:[1]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院气象灾害教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044

出  处:《热带气象学报》2014年第1期101-110,共10页Journal of Tropical Meteorology

基  金:国家重点基础发展973计划(2009CB421503);江苏省研究生科研创新计划(CX10B_289Z)项目共同资助

摘  要:利用1979-2008年NCEP/NCAR逐日再分析资料、NOAA的OLR逐日资料和西北太平洋热带气旋(TC)资料,分析了夏季风期间南海(105~120°E,5-20°N)对流活动的季节内振荡(ISO)特征及其对西北太平洋TC的生成及路径的影响,并采用TC路径模式从大尺度环境场角度初步探讨了ISO对TC运动的影响机制,结果表明,(1)夏季风期间的南海对流活动存在活跃期、不活跃期交替更迭的ISO现象,与之对应的季风环流型存在显著差异:南海对流活跃(不活跃)表示南海夏季风活跃(不活跃),南海.西北太平洋季风槽强(弱)且向东伸展(向西撤退),副热带高压偏东(西),季风环流强(弱)。(2)南海夏季风活跃(不活跃)期,TC生成频数多(少)且生成位置偏西(东)。(3)针对西行进入135°E以西,25°N以南的这类西北太平洋TC(WNP-TC),在活跃期,多以偏西或西北路径直行进入南海;而不活跃期时,多转向北上不进入南海。(4)路径模式模拟结果显示:南海季风活跃(不活跃)时,大尺度环境场的引导作用有利于WNP-TC直行进入南海(转向北上,不进入南海)。同时,WNP-TC的生成位置越偏西越有利于WNP-TC进入南海。The intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) in the South China Sea (SCS, 105 - 120 °E, 5 - 20 °N) convection and its influences on the genesis and track of the western North Pacific (WNP) tropical cyclones (TCs) are explored, based on the daily average of NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data, the OLR data and the western North Pacific tropical cyclone data from 1979 to 2008. The mechanism of the influences of ISO on TC movement and the corresponding large-scale circulation are discussed by a trajectory model. It is found as follows. (1) During the period of summer monsoon, the SCS convection exhibits the ISO feature with active phases alternating with and inactive phases. The monsoon circulation patterns are significantly different in these two phases. When the SCS convection is active (inactive), the SCS-WNP monsoon trough stretches eastward (retreats westward) due to the activity (inactivity) of SCS monsoon, and the WNP subtropical high retreats eastward (stretches westward), which enhances (suppresses) the monsoon circulation. (2) The amount of TC genesis in the active phase is much more than that in the inactive phase. A majority of TCs form west of 135 °E during the active phase but east of 135 °E in the inactive phase. (3) The TCs entering the area west of 135 °E and south of 25 ON would move straight into the SCS in the active phase, or recurve northward in the inactive phase. (4) Simulation results show that the steering flow associated with the active (inactive) phase is in favor of straight-moving (recurving) TCs. Meanwhile, the impacts of the locations of TC genesis on the characteristics of TC track cannot be ignored. TCs that are generated more westward are more likely to move into the SCS region.

关 键 词:气候学 热带气旋生成和路径特征 南海对流活动 季节内振荡 季风槽 路径模式 

分 类 号:P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]

 

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