维生素E对高脂饲料养殖大菱鲆生长、脂类代谢和抗氧化性能的影响  

Effect of a vitamin E-supplemented high-fat diet on the growth, lipid metabolism and antioxidant function of turbot(Scophthalmus maximus L.)

作　　者：牛化欣[1,2] 雷霁霖[1] 常杰[2] 周兴 贾玉东[1] 高淳仁[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266701 [2]内蒙古民族大学动物科技学院,内蒙古通辽028000 [3]山东省黄岛区海洋与渔业局渔业技术推广站,山东青岛266400

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2014年第2期291-299,共9页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31260638);国家鲆鲽类产业技术体系建设专项基金项目(CARS-50);山东省博士后创新项目专项资金资助项目(201202013);山东省自然科学基金青年基金项目(ZR2012CQ024)

摘　　要：选用750尾初体质量为（114.2±6.5） g的大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus L.）,随机分成5组,每组3个重复,每重复50尾鱼,分别投喂在高脂基础饲料中添加0（D-0）、120（D-120）、240（D-240）、480（D-480）和960 mg/kg （D-960）的DL-α-生育酚醋酸酯5种试验饲料养殖110 d,考察维生素E（VE）对高脂饲料养殖大菱鲆生长、脂类代谢和抗氧化性能的影响。结果表明, D-240组大菱鲆末均质量最高,且显著高于D-0组（对照组）（P〈0.05）,与其他组差异不显著（P〉0.05）； D-120组和D-240组饲料系数显著低于D-0组（P〈0.05）,但蛋白质效率显著高于D-0组（P〈0.05）。D-0组和D-960组血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和谷丙转氨酶显著高于其他各组（P〈0.05）,而D-0组和D-960组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇则显著低于其他各组（P〈0.05）；随着饲料VE添加水平的增加,大菱鲆肝脂蛋白脂酶（LPL）活性有降低的趋势；脂肪酸合成酶（FAS）活性,有先增加后降低的趋势。大菱鲆肝总抗氧化酶、超级氧化歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性,均随VE添加水平的升高有先升高后下降的趋势,而丙二醛含量的变化趋势则相反；随着饲料 VE 水平的增加,大菱鲆肝 VE 积累量有显著升高的趋势（P〈0.05）,肌肉 VE 的积累量先升高后恒定在一个水平。综上所述,在高脂饲料中添加适量的维生素E （有效含量124~243 mg/kg）能改善大菱鲆生长性能、饲料利用效率、鱼肝体指数、脏体指数,调节和改善血脂代谢,可调控机体脂肪代谢酶活性,提高机体组织VE积累量和肝抗氧化功能。本研究旨在通过考察添加不同水平的 VE 对高脂胁迫下大菱鲆生长、脂类代谢酶、抗氧化能力的影响,为VE在高脂胁迫下的合理使用及以VE营养调控鱼类脂肪代谢和改善抗氧化功能提供参考依据。We evaluated the effect of supplemental vitamin E （VE） in trial diets on the growth, lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity of turbot, Scophthalmus maximus L. A total of 750 fish （average initial body weight：114.2 g±6.5 g） were randomly divided into five groups with three replicates of 50 fish. The fish were fed five high-fat test diets （D-0, D-120, D-240, D-480 and D-960） for 110 days diets based on 0, 120, 240, 480 and 960 mg DL-α-tocopherol acetate per kg diet. The results showed that the D-240 group attained the highest weight at the end of the trial period, which was significantly higher than the D-0 group （P〈0.05） and also higher than the other groups,although the differences were not significant （P〉0.05）. The D-120 and D-240 groupshad significantly lower feed conversion ratios （FCR）than the D-0 group （P〈0.05）, but the protein efficiency ratio （PER） was significantly higher than the D-0 group （P〈0.05）. In the D-0 and D-960 groups, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and alanine aminot-ransferase were significantly higher than in the other groups （P〈0.05）; but, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in the D-0 and D-960 groups than in the other groups （P〈0.05）. With increasing levels of supple-mental VE feed content, liver lipoprotein lipase （LPL） activity tended to decrease and fatty acid synthase （FAS） activity increased initially and then decreased. Total hepatic antioxidant enzymes, super oxide dismutase and catalase activity at elevated levels of VE initially increased and then decreased, contrary to the trend for malondialdehyde （MDA）. With the increasing levels of VE feed content, VE content of turbot liver hasan accumulated significantly increasing trend （P〈0.05）;muscle accumulation of VE increased initially and then stabilized at a constant level. In summary, the results suggest thata high-fat diet supplemented with vitamin E （effective level 124-243 mg/kg�

关 键 词：大菱鲆 高脂饲料 脂类代谢 抗氧化 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]