22种除草剂防除黄素梅菟丝子的效果及安全性评价  

Evaluation on the control efficiency and safety of 22 kinds of herbicides aimed to control Duranta repens cv. Dodder

作　　者：陆仟 罗恩波 黄旭光 韦路易 郭成林[2] 马永林[2] 马跃峰[2] 覃建林[2] 

机构地区：[1]南宁市绿化工程管理处,广西南宁530011 [2]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所,广西南宁530007

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2014年第2期106-110,115,共6页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：南宁市科技攻关项目(201106061D);科技部国际科技合作项目(2011DFB30040)

摘　　要：选用22种除草剂各设低量和倍量两个梯度对接种菟丝子的盆栽黄素梅进行定量茎叶喷雾处理,药后30 d调查黄素梅抑制率和菟丝子防除效果.结果表明：6％菟丝特AS 30、60 mg/L、41％草甘膦异丙胺盐AS 364 mg/L、10％双草醚SC 28 mg/L,对黄素梅抑制率＜20％,对菟丝子防效＞80％,药效高,药害可以接受;10％双草醚SC 56 mg/L、21.4％三氟羧草醚EC 618 mg/L、41％草甘膦异丙胺盐AS 729 mg/L、56％2甲4氯钠盐WP 374、746 mg/L、48％百草敌AS 427 mg/L、20％氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 178、356 mg/L、50％特丁噻草隆SC 1111、2 222 mg/L、90％环嗪酮WP 1000、2000mg/L效果达到80.36％～100％,抑制率达到20.37％～100％,药效高药害严重;其他药剂处理抑制率＜37.73％,药效＜74％,抑制率较低,药效较低.以高效、安全原则综合评价,寄主抑制率＜20％,菟丝子防效＞80％的药剂处理为6％菟丝特AS 60、30 mg/L、41％草甘膦异丙胺盐AS 364 mg/L、10％双草醚SC 28 mg/L,其综合值依次分别达到81.68、80.74、80.03和63.69,是安全、高效防除黄素梅菟丝子药剂处理.Twenty-two kinds of herbicides in low and high （twice） dosage were selected to conduct quantitative spray treatment on stem and leaf of pot Durante repens cv., then the inhibition rate of D. repens cv. and the efficiency of controlling dodder were investigated 30 d later. The results showed that the inhibition rate of D. repens cv. was lower than 20% while the efficiency of controlling dodder was higher than 80% by using 30, 60 mg/L 6% tusite AS, 364 mg/L 41% glyphosate isopropyl amine AS and 28 mg/L 10% hispyribac-sodium SC, of which the efficiency was high and the phytotoxicity could be accepted; on the other hand, the inhibition rate of D. repens cv. was 20.37%-100% while the efficiency of controlling dodder was 80.36%-100% by using 56 mg/L 10% bispyribac-sodium SC, 618 mg/L 21.4% acifluorfen EC, 729 mg/L 41% glyphosate isopropyl amine AS, 374, 746 mg/L 56% 2-MCPA-Na WP, 427 mg/L 48% dicamba AS, 178,356 mg/L 20% fluroxypyr EC, 1 111, 2 222 mg/L 50% tebuthiuron SC, 1 000, 2 000mg/L 90% hexazinaone WP, of which efficiency was high but the phytotoxicity was serious; besides, the inhibition rate was lower than 37.73% while the efficiency was lower than 74% by using other herbicides. Based on the principles of efficiency and safety, the herbicide with inhibition rate lower than 20% and efficiency higher than 80% were as follows： 60, 30 mg/L 6% dodder AS, 364 mg/L 41 % glyphosate isopropylamine AS and 28 mg/L 10% bispyribac-sodium SC, and the comprehensive values were 81.68, 80.74, 80.03, 63.69 respectively. So they were safe and efficient herbicides for controlling D. repens cv. dodder.

关 键 词：除草剂 中国菟丝子 黄素梅 防除效果 安全性 

分 类 号：S451[农业科学—植物保护]