昭苏马场退化山地草甸补播后恢复效果研究  

Studies on Reseeding effect of Degradation Mountain Meadow in Zhaosu Horse Farm in the Second Year

作　　者：马金昌[1,2] 朱进忠[1] 孙宗玖[1] 毛丽旦.吾斯曼 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院/新疆草地资源与生态重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]昌吉州草原监理站,新疆昌吉831100

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第2期325-332,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家牧草产业体系项目(CARS-35);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(200903060)

摘　　要：【目的】以伊犁昭苏马场退化山地草甸为对象,研究补播无芒雀麦、红豆草、红三叶、猫尾草、鸭茅及其补播组合对草地的影响,探讨补播对草地植被的恢复效果,筛选适宜的补播组合。【方法】利用常规测定方法对补播草地植被数量及质量特征进行测定与分析。【结果】草地补播后,26个处理间草地群落的盖度、高度、密度、产量、豆科草所占比例、豆科草+禾草所占比例及叶茎比均差异不显著(P>0.05);采用主成分分析结合隶属函数分析法,26个草地补播处理补播效果由好到差顺序为A13、A15、A4、A10、A25、A22、A6、A5、A9、A7、A16、A11、A17、A8、A26、A19、A24、A1、A2、A18、A3、A14、A20、A23、A12、A21。【结论】补播红三叶(50%)+鸭茅(50%)、红豆草(50%)+无芒雀麦(50%)、红三叶(30%)+红豆草(30%+)+鸭茅(20%)+无芒雀麦(20%)、红三叶(60%)+猫尾草(40%)及单播鸭茅后退化草地补播效果较好,适合伊犁昭苏马场退化山地草甸改良。[Objective] The project aims to prevent the degradation mountain meadow and select a suitable reseeding in Zhaosu Horse Farm,the resuming effect of reseeding on grassland vegetation with sowing Bromus inermis,Onobrychis viciaefolia,Trifolium pretense,Phleurn pratens,Dactylis glomerata and its combination was discussed.[Method] Using routine method,the vegetation quantity and quality characteristics of reseeding grassland were measured and analyzed.[Result] The coverage,height,density,yield,proportion of legume forage,proportion of legume and grasses forage,leaf stem ratio of grassland community were not significantly different among 26 treatments after reseeding （P ＞ 0.05）.From the principal component analysis and comprehensive assessment method,the reseeding effect sequence of 26 treatments from good to poor was found to be A13,A15,A4,A10,A25,A22,A6,A5,A9,A7,A16,A11,A17,A8,A26,A19,A24,A1,A2,A18,A3,A14,A20,A23,A12,A21.[Conclusion] Five reseeding treatments,including T.pretense （50％） ＋ D.giomerata （50％）,O.viciaefolia （50％） ＋ B.inermis （50％）,T.pretense （30％）＋ O.viciaefolia （30％ ＋） ＋ D.glomerata （20％） ＋ B.inermis（20％）,T.pretense （60％） ＋ P.pratens （40％） and D.glomerata（100％）,were preliminarily suitable for improvement of degraded mountain meadow in Zhaosu Horse Farm,and the reseeding effect was good.

关 键 词：退化山地草甸 补播 数量及质量特征 综合评价 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]