薰衣草精油饲喂肉仔鸡对免疫器官指数和血清、空肠组织中IgA含量的影响  

The Effects of Lavender Essential Oil Substituting for Antibiotics Feed Additive on Immune Organ Indexes and Serum IgA and Jejunal SIgA Levels of Broilers

作　　者：姜维[1] 张丁文[1] 李虎[1] 唐倩[1] 张文财[1] 赏玉东[1] 杨开伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学肉乳用草食动物营养实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2014年第2期340-347,共8页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区高新技术研究发展计划项目(200911113)

摘　　要：[目的]研究日粮中添加薰衣草精油对肉仔鸡免疫器官指数和血清、空肠组织中IgA含量的影响.[方法]将300只1日龄AA肉仔鸡随机分成4个处理组（每组设3个重复,每个重复25只）,对照组饲喂基础日粮加抗生素,试验Ⅰ组、Ⅱ组、Ⅲ组日粮为基础日粮分别添加薰衣草精油0.4、0.8、1.2（0～2周）和0.2、0.4、0.6 mL/kg（3～6周）.[结果]21日龄时,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的脾脏指数与对照组相比降低25％（P＜0.05）、25.89％（P＜0.05）和30.36％（P＜0.05）,试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组的法氏囊指数分别比对照组低18.35％（P＜0.05）、16.19％（P ＞0.05）、3.60％（P＜0.05）,胸腺指数与对照组相比无显著差异;41日龄时的胸腺指数、脾脏指数、法氏囊指数各试验组与对照组无显著差异（P＞0.05）,但随薰衣草精油添加量的增加脾脏指数和法氏囊指数有下降的趋势;21日龄和35日龄时血清中IgA含量各试验组与对照组相比无显著差异（P ＞0.05）;21日龄时肉仔鸡空肠组织中的SIgA含量各试验组与对照组相比无显著差异（P＞0.05）,35日龄时,试验组Ⅲ肉仔鸡空肠组织中的SIgA含量低于对照组,差异显著（P＞0.05）,试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组肉仔鸡空肠组织中的SIgA含量与对照组差异不显著（P＞0.05）.[结论]添加薰衣草精油对21日龄肉仔鸡脾脏等免疫器官的生长有一定的抑制作用,35日龄时,添加薰衣草精油和抗生素对免疫器官均无显著差异;日粮中添加薰衣草精油对肉仔鸡血浆中IgA含量和空肠组织中SIgA含量均无显著影响（P＞ 0.05）.[Objective] This experiment was conducted to study the effects of lavender essential oil replacing antibiotics in diet on immune organ indexes,serum IgA,jejunal tissue SIgA levels of Broilers.[Method] Three hundreds 1-day-old AA broilers were randomly divided into one control group and three trial groups with 3 replicates per group and 25 chickens per replicate.Broilers in control group were supplemented with antibiotics,those birds in the trial group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ were fed with diet,which was supplemented with 0.4,0.8,1.2 （0-2 weeks） and 0.2,0.4,0.8 mL/kg （3-6 weeks） of the lavender essential oil,to replace antibiotics.[Result] Among immune organ indexes,compared with control group,the spleen indexes of test group Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ on the 21st day were decreased by 25％ （P ＜0.05）,25.89％ （P ＜0.05） and 30.36％ （P ＜ 0.05）,respectively; The bursa indexes of them were decreased by 18.35％ （P ＜ 0.05）,16.19％ and 3.60％,respectively; But the thymus indexes were not significantly different （P ＞ 0.05） ; But for broilers on the 41st day,no significant difference was found in the thymus index,the spleen index and the bursa index （P ＞ 0.05）.Compared Serum IgA and jejunal tissue SIgA levels with the control group,21d and 41d,serum IgA levels were not significantly different （P ＞ 0.05）,21d,SIgA levels in the jejunal tissue were noy significantly different （P ＞0.05） ; 35d,SIgA levels of the test group Ⅲ was decreased by 28.8％ （P ＜0.05）,jejunal tissue SIgA content was lower than that of the control group,significant difference （P ＜0.05） ; The other test groups had no effect.[Conclusion] Adding lavender essential oil diets greatly inhibited the growth of immune organs such as spleen of broiler of 21 days old,and when the boilers were 35d old,no significant difference （P ＞ 0.05） was found; Adding lavender essential oil diets had no effect （P ＞ 0.05）on Serum IgA and jejunal tissue SIgA levels of broilers.

关 键 词：薰衣草精油 饲用抗生素 肉仔鸡 免疫器官指数 IGA SIGA 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]