科尔沁沙地沙漠化恢复过程中冷蒿种群的扩散对策研究  

Research on the spread strategy of Artemisia frigida populations during the desertification recovery process in Horqin sandy land

作　　者：孙英杰[1,2] 李衍青[3] 赵爱芬[2] 黄玉清[1] 周爱萍[1] 罗艾滢[1] 徐广平[1] 姚月锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所,广西桂林541006 [2]鲁东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264000 [3]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《草业学报》2014年第1期3-11,共9页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：中国地质调查局工作项目(水[2011]地调01-15-02)资助

摘　　要：在科尔沁沙地冷蒿种群有2种明显形态差异的个体即直立型和匍匐型2种生长表现型植株.为深刻理解冷蒿种群在沙漠化植被恢复过程中的生态学意义,对不同生长型个体的地上和地下部分的形态特征和繁殖特性,及冷蒿种群的扩散现况进行了初步研究.结果表明,2种表现型冷蒿在枝高、枝条分化、花序数、地下根系等个体形态上均表现出差异性;直立型冷蒿地上部分的高度及平均单株地上生物总量均优于匍匐型冷蒿,匍匐型冷蒿生物量主要集中于靠近基部的0～10 cm处;通过对匍匐型冷蒿的克隆能力调查发现,被沙埋后大多数冷蒿产生分株数在10株以下,分株扩散距离主要在10～20 cm以内;冷蒿枝条被沙埋后其生根数量及长度与当季的降雨量有极大关系,而枝条被沙埋后产生分株对冷蒿种群扩散起着重要的作用;直立型冷蒿主要以种子方式进行繁殖,且种群扩散方向与当地风向有关.The erect and the creeping types of Artemisiafrigida are the two different phenotypes of A.frigida populations in Horqin sandy land.The morphological and reproductive characteristics of above and below ground parts of A.frigida individuals were analyzed.Also,the similarities and differences of the two phenotypes were compared in order to study their strategies for spread.There were significant differences in the number of branches,twigs differentiation,inflorescence and root morphology between the two phenotypes.The average above ground biomasses of the erect type A.frigida was larger than that of the creeping ones which were mainly located at ten centimeters near the individual bases.Studying the cloning capability of creeping type A.frigida,we found that a single plant produced fewer than 10 ramets after being buried by sand and the spread of most of the ramets was 10-20 cm.There was a strong relationship between rooting number and seasonal rainfall after sand burial of branches of A.frigida.Moreover,roots produced after the branches were buried played an important role in the spread of A.frigida populations.The erect type A.frigida mainly reproduced by seeds,and spread was related to the local wind directions.

关 键 词：科尔沁沙地 冷蒿 个体形态 沙埋 扩散对策 

分 类 号：S812.8[农业科学—草业科学]