西南地区玉米苗期抗旱品种筛选  

Screening in Southwest China of drought-resistant varieties of maize at the seedling stage

作　　者：田山君[1,2] 杨世民[1] 孔凡磊[1,2] 袁继超[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川温江611130 [2]农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,四川温江611130

出　　处：《草业学报》2014年第1期50-57,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD04B13-2)资助

摘　　要：为筛选抗旱性强的玉米品种应用于生产,本研究采用盆栽和营养液2种不同培养方式,对30个西南地区大面积种植的杂交玉米品种进行PEG模拟干旱胁迫的苗期试验,通过隶属函数法筛选品种,使用干旱变异指数对抗旱指标进行筛选和评价。结果表明,雅玉10号、正红311等8个品种在几次试验重复中表现均为良好,被归类为抗旱品种。指标中叶面积、根冠比、根系性状(根系体积、根分支数、根长)、相对电导率、离体叶片失水速率、脯氨酸、叶绿素和叶绿素荧光参数(最大光化学效率、实际光化学效率、原初光能捕获效率、光化学淬灭系数)对干旱胁迫较为敏感,可作为玉米苗期抗旱性的评价指标。To screen for drought-resistant varieties of maize （Zea mays）,thirty hybrid maize varieties in largescale cultivation in Southwest China were treated with PEG to simulate drought stress in pot cultures and hydroponics.The strongly drought resistant varieties were selected by fuzzy membership function.Drought-resistant indexes were screened and evaluated by a drought variability index.Eight varieties such as Yayu No.10 and Zhenghong 311 were classified as drought-resistant.Leaf area,root/shoot ratio,root traits （root volume,the number of root branches,and root length）,relative conductivity,water loss rate of cutting leaves,proline,chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters （Fv/Fm,Fq /Fm,Fv＇/Fm＇,Fq＇/Fv＇） were sensitive to drought stress,and could be used in evaluation indexes of drought resistance at the maize seedling stage.

关 键 词：玉米 干旱胁迫 品种筛选 隶属函数法 干旱变异指数 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]