废催化剂中稀土资源的回收与综合利用  

Recovery of Rare Earths from Waste Catalyst

作　　者：秦玉芳[1] 许涛[2,3,4] 马莹[3,4] 袁金秀[1] 谢建云[3] 高晓玲[5] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学化学化工学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010020 [2]武汉理工大学资源与环境学院,湖北武汉430070 [3]包头稀土研究院,内蒙古包头014030 [4]瑞科稀土冶金及功能材料国家工程研究中心,内蒙古包头014030 [5]包头市环境监测站,内蒙古包头014030

出　　处：《稀土》2014年第1期76-81,共6页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家环保部公益性行业科研专项(201109049)

摘　　要：研究了从废催化剂中湿法回收稀土。失效催化剂中稀土的含量约2%~5%,主要包含有镧和铈。实验结果表明,酸浸法能够浸出废催化剂中的稀土。用正交试验得出盐酸浸出实验的最佳条件为：浸出温度、固液比、盐酸浓度、浸出时间分别为30℃、1∶8、4.8mol/L、2 h,浸出率高达98.3%。浸出后,浸液pH调到约2,选择性沉淀稀土离子。从废催化剂中回收稀土的全过程总回收率达95%,Al离子也可被回收再利用。A hydrometallurgical process is developed to recover rare earth metals from waste catalyst. The waste catalyst contains 2% ~ 5% rare earth elements,mainly lanthanum and cerium. The experimental results showed that rare earths could be dissolved by acid leaching. The optimum leaching temperature,ratio of solid to liquid,acidity and reaction time for waste catalyst were 30 °C,1： 8,4. 8 mol / L,and 2 h,respectively,and the leaching rate of rare earths reached 98. 26%. Rare earths were recovered by selective precipitation with oxalic acid at pH about 2 after leaching. The recovery rate of rare earths from waste catalyst reached 95% in the whole leaching and separation process. The residual Al3 ＋in solution was recovered.

关 键 词：失效稀土催化剂 酸浸 回收稀土 

分 类 号：TF803.2[冶金工程—有色金属冶金] O614.33[理学—无机化学]