塔里木沙漠公路防护林乔木状沙拐枣平茬复壮技术的研究  

Cutting rejuvenation technologies for Calligonum arborescens shelterbelt along the Tarim desert highway

作　　者：李宇[1,2] 徐新文[1] 许波[3] 李丙文[1] 邱永志[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国石油天然气股份有限公司塔里木油田分公司,库尔勒841000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2014年第2期103-108,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：塔里木油田公司科研项目(971011050010);塔里木油田公司科技项目(971010050002)资助

摘　　要：为了塔里木沙漠公路防护林持续稳定的发展,对防护林内衰退的乔木状沙拐枣进行不同留茬高度和不同灌水量的平茬实验,选取萌蘖条数、株高、冠幅、萌蘖条地径、地上生物量5项指标评价平茬效果。结果表明:1)平茬后乔木状沙拐枣的萌芽期推迟10天左右,但萌蘖株的生长势明显好于未平茬植株,合理的留茬处理更能促进这一优势的发挥。2)平茬当年,不同留茬高度处理萌蘖株月生长动态一致,即株高、冠幅和地径均呈"S"型增长,而萌条数呈对数增长,但留茬高度对萌蘖条生长状况和地上生物量积累及分配均有显著影响(P<0.05),不同留茬高度平茬效果为:10cm>20cm>15cm>5cm。3)灌水量引起的土壤水分状况的差异极大的影响着防护林内乔木沙拐枣的平茬效果,单次灌水量45L/株的平茬效果明显好于22.5L/株。The experiments of cutting with different height and different soil mature to 8 years old Calligonum arborescens forest were carried out along the Tarim desert highway to rejuvenate the recession of Calligonum arborescens.The results showed that although the germination stage of Calligonum arborescens was delayed 10days after cutting,cutting was still the effective rejuvenation measure for Calligonum arborescens.In the fist year of stumping,the growth dynamics of sprout strains was consistent.The height,the crown and ground diameter were ＂ S＂ types of growth,while the sprout number was showed logarithmic growth.The cutting height of 10cm had the best effect,the cutting height of 20cm and 15cm were the second,the 5cm cutting height was the worst.The amount of new germinated branch and the growth increment of new branch were raffected by different stumping heights.In extreme drought,irrigation was not fully protected,the Calligonum of recession could not be rejuvenation with cutting measure.On the contrary,the weak growth of Calligonum after cutting will affect the protective effect of shelterbelts.

关 键 词：平茬 复壮 乔木状沙拐枣 沙漠公路 塔里木 

分 类 号：S727.2[农业科学—林木遗传育种]