孕期妇女乳头保健预防产后乳腺炎的临床研究  

Clinical Research on Nipple Care for Pregnant Women to Prevent Postpartum Mastitis

作　　者：向宽鸣 

机构地区：[1]重庆市荣昌县人民医院预防保健科,重庆荣昌402460

出　　处：《医学综述》2014年第4期763-765,共3页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：目的探讨孕期妇女乳头保健对预防产后乳腺炎的临床效果。方法选择重庆市荣昌县人民医院妇产科2012年2月至2013年2月收治的孕妇200例作为研究对象,根据其乳头发育正常与否分为正常组(128例)和非正常组(72例),再将上述两组孕妇各自采用随机数字表法分为治疗组和对照组,即正常治疗组(64例)、正常对照组(64例)、非正常治疗组(36例)和非正常对照组(36例)。对两个治疗组孕妇进行常规乳头护理,包括乳头的牵拉纠正、防皲裂处理,以及乳头立孔反射训练;而两个对照组孕妇则不进行任何处理。对四组产妇的产后乳头凹陷情况、乳头皲裂情况,乳汁淤积情况及乳腺炎的发生概率进行对比分析。结果治疗组产妇的乳头皲裂、乳汁淤积及乳腺炎的发病率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组产后乳头平坦、乳头凹陷的发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),产后喂养成功率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);出院前、产后4个月和6个月,治疗组母乳哺育率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),混合、人工喂养率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对孕妇实施孕期乳头保养能够有效降低产后乳腺炎的发生概率,提高产妇的哺乳成功率。ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of nipple care for pregnant women to prevent postpartum mastitis.MethodsA total of 200 cases of pregnant women admitted to Rongchang County People＇s Hospital from Feb.2012 to Feb.2013 were selected as the objects,and divided into normal group（128 cases） and abnormal group（72 cases） according to the state of nipple development,which were then further divided into treatment group and control group according to random-number table method,i.e.the normal treatment group（64 cases） and normal control group（64 cases）,abnormal treatment group（36 cases） and abnormal control group（36 cases）.The two treatment groups were given routine nipple care,including nipple pulling correction,anti-chapped processing,and nipple vertical hole reflection training,and no treatment was given to the two control groups.Postpartum nipple depression situation,chapped nipple situation,milk deposition conditions and the probability of occurrence of mastitis of the four groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThe incidence of maternal nipple,galactostasis and mastitis of the treatment group was significantly lower than that of the control group（P〈0.05）; postpartum flat nipples,nipple retraction rates of the treatment groups were lower than the control groups（P〈0.05）,postpartum feeding success rate was significantly higher than the control group（P〈0.05）;before discharge,postpartum 4 months and 6 months,the breastfeeding rates of the treatment groups was significantly higher than the control groups（P〈0.05）,and the mixed,artificial feeding rates were significantly lower than the control group（P〈0.05）.ConclusionThe nipple care for pregnant women during pregnancy can effectively reduce the incidence of postpartum mastitis,and improve maternal breastfeeding success rate.

关 键 词：孕期乳头保健 乳头凹陷 乳头平坦 预防 产后乳腺炎 

分 类 号：R459.3[医药卫生—治疗学]