饮用水除氨氮功能菌株的筛选及降解特性  

Isolation of heterotrophic bacteria used in drinking water treatment and their ammonium removal characteristics

作　　者：李伟光[1] 张多英[1] 刘苗[1] 张淑梅[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,哈尔滨150090 [2]黑龙江省科学院微生物研究所,哈尔滨150010

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2014年第4期1267-1272,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51078106);黑龙江省杰出青年基金资助项目(JC200708)

摘　　要：从松花江原水中筛选出2株异养菌YX1和YX2，经生理生化及16SrDNA序列鉴定，YX1为微杆菌属（Mi—crobacteriumsp．），YX2为不动杆菌属（Acinetobactersp．）。5℃菌株YX1的世代时间为3．03h，菌株YX2的世代时间为3．87h。应用生物增强活性炭技术研究了异养菌株YX1和YX2对氨氮的降解特征，结果表明，菌株经过3～4d的适应期后，在低温5℃对氨氮具有较强的降解能力，且环境条件影响菌株对氨氮的降解效果。菌株YX1和YX2在高溶解氧浓度下氨氮降解效果好，属于好氧细菌，降解氨氮的最适合温度为12～15℃，属于耐冷型中温菌，最适宜的pH为弱碱性（7．5～8．0），以乙酸盐为碳源时对氨氮降解能力最强，其次为葡萄糖〉柠檬酸三钠〉碳酸钙〉甘油，以上结果可为低温水源水中氨氮的去除提供新的技术方法和理论依据。Two heterotrophic bacteria,named YX1 and YX2,were isolated from Songhua River. They were identified to be Microbacterium sp. and Acinetobacter sp. by morphological, physiological, biochemical and molecu- lar analysis. The generation times of strain YX1 and YX2 were 3.03 h and 3.87 h at 5℃. Ammonium removal characteristics of strain YX1 and YX2 were analyzed by bio-enhanced activated carbon technology. The results showed that the strains started to degrade ammonium after 3-4 days accommodation. The environmental parameters affected ammonium removal by the isolates. Strain YX1 and YX2 were aerobic bacteria with higher ammonium re- moval efficiency under high dissolved oxygen concentration （above 5 mg/L）. The optimal temperature for ammo- nium removal was 12 - 15℃. Two strains were mesophilic bacteria to endure low temperature. Alkalescence con- dition （pH of 7.5 to 8.0） was propitious to improve the ammonium removal efficiency. When the carbon source was acetate sodium,the ammonium removal rate was the highest, followed by glucose, trisodium citrate, calcium carbonate and zlvcerol.

关 键 词：异养菌 氨氮 饮用水 低温 

分 类 号：TU991.2[建筑科学—市政工程]