塔式自然通风好氧堆肥反应器的开发与应用  

Development and application of a tower natural ventilation reactor for aerobic composting

作　　者：王玉新[1] 任勇翔[1] 王晓昌[1] 陈威[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学、西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2014年第4期1631-1636,共6页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(51021140002)

摘　　要：针对现有堆肥反应器处理效率低、运行和维护成本较高及堆肥效率不稳定等问题,开发了塔式自然通风好氧堆肥反应器。从物料和热量平衡、通风量优化等方面对反应器进行研究。反应器主要包括反应器主体、通风管、物料承托筛板和温度监控系统等,具有运行及维护简单、能源耗费低等优点。在通风高度为3 m,初始物料投加量5.65 kg(干重比︰粪便/锯末=1∶2.5),含水率约60%时,对人粪便进行好氧堆肥实验。结果表明,堆体温度最高至62℃,并且在50℃以上高温保持5 d;TOC和COD均呈持续下降趋势,降解率分别为64.14%和56.45%;种子发芽指数为113.64%,完全达到腐熟标准。Based on the results of material and heat balance as well as the optimization of wind pressure,a tower reactor was developed to make it more suitable for the aerobic composting. The reactor was mainly com- posed of a reactor main body, the ventilation pipe, material supporting plate and temperature monitoring system. The reactor had the advantages of the easy operation, simply maintenance and lower energy cost. Under the condi- tion of 3 m of ventilation height,5.65 kg of initial material feeding, 1 ： 2.5 of feces-sawdust ratio in dry weight and 60% of moisture content, a study in pilot-scale sequencing batch feeding for human feces composting was carried out. As a result,a significant increasing in compost heap temperature of higher than 50℃ was found and the process maintained about 5 days. The TOC and COD decreased gradually with the final removal rates of 64. 14 % and 56.45 % , respectively. In addition, the germination index was 113.64% , indicating that the maturity criteria were reached.

关 键 词：好氧堆肥 塔式反应器 人粪便 腐熟 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]