我国男子跳高运动员王臣起跳过程的生物力学探讨  

Biomechanics to Explore on Wangche's Take- off Process of Chinese Men's High Jump

作　　者：赵清波[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安体育学院,西安710068

出　　处：《西安体育学院学报》2014年第2期231-236,249,共7页Journal of Xi'an Physical Education University

基　　金：西安体育学院院管课题(yb2010-01)

摘　　要：目的探讨我国不同男子跳高选手技术特点。方法研究采用三维高速摄像与个案技术分析方法,对我国优秀男子跳高运动员王臣的助跑及起跳过程主要身体环节的时空变化特征进行了现场拍摄与运动学分析,以起跳前水平速度,摆动腿离地至起跳腿着地过程,起跳腿着地至最大缓冲过程,蹬伸过程及起跳蹬离瞬间的身体主要环节空间动态变化关系对力学条件的影响进行重点观察与比较分析。结果所获运动学参数结果显示,王臣与世界优秀选手在技术参数上存在一定差距。结论由于起跳前身体内倾和后倾角度均较小,从而导致起跳用力工作距离较小,偏心距较大。因此,建议王臣适当地加大助跑最后2步起跳前身体内倾和后倾的角度,以增加起跳过程的"实效性"。Object This study, via three - dimensional high speed video camera and case study, will carry out spot filming and kinesiology analysis on Chinese outstanding athlete Wang Chen＇s run - up and the his major taking - off characteristics of spatial body changes for the purpose of probing into technical characteristics of different Chinese high - jumping athletes. It also implements close observation and comparative analysis on mechanical conditions that pre - takeoff horizontal speed, leg off - ground and leg - touchdown process, leg touchdown to maximum buffer process, pedal and stretch process have. Results The mystery of why Wang Chen is not much of a match for those world＇s preeminent high -jumping athletes has been un- veiled according to the acquired kinematic parameters. Conclusions It is the smaller pre - takeoff angle between the inward -tilt and outward- tilt that causes Wang Chen＇s shorter takeoff working distance. Therefore, the suggestion is, in the last two accelerating strides, Wang Chen ought to appropriately widen the angle between the inward - tilt and outward - tilt for the purpose of strengthening the takeoff effectiveness.

关 键 词：摆动 起跳 用力顺序 姿态变化 

分 类 号：G823.114[文化科学—体育训练]