土壤施锌和叶面喷锌对风沙土玉米Zn吸收与积累的影响  

Effect of soil application and foliar spray of Zn fertilizer on Zinc absorption and accumulation of maize in sandy soil

作　　者：李辛[1] 李志洪[1] 孙建华[1] 郭志顶[1] 辛士颖 殷程程[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第1期144-150,共7页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国际锌协(IZA)资助项目(Zinc Nutrient Initiative MD-86)

摘　　要：【目的】研究土施和叶面喷施锌肥条件下玉米吸收、积累锌的规律,旨在为科学调控玉米锌营养状况、提高玉米籽粒锌含量提供理论依据。【方法】2011年在吉林风沙土地区采用大田试验,研究了土施锌肥(0kg/hm2(S0)、3.4kg/hm2(S3.4)、6.8kg/hm2(S6.8)、10.2kg/hm2(S10.2))和叶面喷施锌肥(0kg/hm2(F0),2.25kg/hm2(F))共计7个处理(S0F0(对照)、S3.4F0、S6.8F0、S10.2F0、S0F、S3.4F、S6.8F)对玉米各生育期植株锌含量、籽粒锌含量、籽粒产量和地上部分生物量以及锌肥利用率、Zn吸收总量和Zn吸收速率的影响。【结果】玉米植株中Zn的含量随着土施锌肥量的增加而增大,苗期较S0F0处理增加了2.7~8.5倍,其他生育期增加幅度有所降低;与S0F0处理相比,S3.4F0、S6.8F0、S10.2F0可以使玉米增产9.7%~37.7%,地上部分生物量增加6.2%~20.4%,玉米Zn吸收总量增加21.5%~81.9%。土施+叶面喷施锌肥处理比单独土施锌肥增产5.5%~17.0%,生物量增加18.5%~30.8%。【结论】土施+叶面喷施锌肥可以明显提高玉米籽粒锌含量和籽粒产量。[Objectiv and foliar spray of Zinc e] Zinc absorption and accumulation of maize in sandy soil through soil application fertilizer was investigated to better regulate the nutritional status of Zinc and im prove the Zinc concentration in maize grains. [Method] Field experiments in sandy soil were conducted in Jilin in 2011 to study the effects of Zn fertilizer （7 treatments：soil application （0 kg/hm2（S0）,3.4 kg/hm2 （$3.4）,6.8 kg/hm2（$6.8）,10. 2 kg/hm2 （S10.2 ）） and foliar spray （3 mg/g ZnSO4,0 kg/hm2 （F0）,2. 25 kg/hm2 （F））） on plants of maize during different growth periods, Zinc concentration in grains, grains yield, aboveground biomass, Zn utilization efficiency, Zn total absorption amount and Zn absorption rate. [Result] Zinc concentrations in maize plants increased as the increase of Zn amount by soil application and foliar spray. During the se other growth period S10.2 F0 increased ma edling stage, Zn concentrations increased by 2.7--8.5 times compared with So F0, while s had less increase rates. Compared to S0F0 treatment, treatments S3.4 F0, S6.8 F0, and ize yield by 9.7%-37.7% ,increased aboveground biomass by 6.2% --20.4% and increased Zinc absorption by 21.5%--81.9%. In addition,combination of soil aplc creased maize yield by 5.5^--17.0% and increased aboveground biomass by 18 solo use of soil application or foliar spray. [Conclusion] The foliar spray and soi significantly increased Zinc concentrations and yield of maize grains. lication and foliar spray in- .5%--30.8% ,compared to 1 application of Zn fertilizer

关 键 词：玉米 锌肥 风沙土 籽粒锌含量 锌吸收总量 

分 类 号：S143.72[农业科学—肥料学] S513.062[农业科学—农业基础科学]