输电线路雷电屏蔽模拟试验影响因素  

Affecting Factors of Lightning Shielding Simulation Test of Transmission Lines

作　　者：王羽[1] 陈昊[2] 蓝磊[1] 文习山[1] 安韵竹[1] 鲁海亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学电气工程学院,武汉430072 [2]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第3期763-771,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)(2009CB724500)~~

摘　　要：为研究影响输电线路雷电屏蔽性能的因素,选取500 kV交流输电线路为对象,针对电极沿档距方向放置位置、雷电先导入射角、线路保护角、地面倾斜角、冲击电压类型和模型比例等诸多因素开展了试验研究。近十万次放电试验表明,绕击概率随电极倾斜角度和线路保护角增大而增大、随地面倾斜角增大而先增大后减小。观测到了主放电击中导线(避雷线)的同时,也观测到避雷线(导线)上竞争失利的残余迎面流注,并绘制了1:80、1:40和1:25这3种缩比模型分别在标准雷电冲击(-1.2μs/50μs)和标准操作冲击(-250μs/2 500μs)下的绕击空间分布图。最后结合定量计算,建议将电极放置于能够反映线路平均绕击概率的区域,并采用标准雷电波进行小尺寸雷电屏蔽模拟试验,为今后更深入进行特高压线路防雷性能试验研究提供了参考。To investigate the factors influencing the shielding performance of lightning protection measures for power transmission lions, taking a 500 kV AC transmission line as the object, we experimentally studied the impacts from fac- tors such as electrode placement along the direction of span, incident angle of lightning leader, line protection angle, ground tilt angle, type of impulse voltage, and model scale. The experiment included nearly a hundred thousand times of discharg. The results show that, the shielding failure probability increases with increasing electrode tilt angle and line protection angle, and it increases and then decreases with increasing ground tilt angle. In the tests, we also simultaneously observed the phenomena that main discharge hit conductor and residue upward streamer failed to hit ground wire, and vice versa. Furthermore, the shielding spatial distributions with three scale models, which had scales of 1：80, 1：40 and 1：25, were drawn according to a great number of standard lightning （-1.2 Its/50 μs） and switching impulse （-250μs/2 500μs） tests. Finally, based on tests and some calculations, it is suggested that in shielding tests with small-scaled transmis- sion line models, electrodes should be placed in the regions that can reflect standard lightning surges, and the standard lightning impulse wave should be employed. The results could be referred in future studies on lightning protection of ul- tra-high voltage （UHV） transmission lines.

关 键 词：雷电屏蔽 缩比模拟试验 绕击概率 输电线路 雷电波 操作波 

分 类 号：TM863[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]