严寒地区拉法山隧道保温型防排水系统设计施工技术探讨  

Design and Construction of Heat-keeping Water-proofing and Drainage System of Lafashan Tunnel in Extremely Cold Region

作　　者：乐晟[1] 杨春勃[1] 杨艳玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]中铁隧道集团二处有限公司,河北三河065201

出　　处：《隧道建设》2014年第3期269-273,共5页Tunnel Construction

摘　　要：严寒地区隧道结构因为地下水的存在,会长期出现冻胀的问题,经过冻融后,隧道结构易产生破坏,将大大影响结构的使用寿命。严寒地区的拉法山隧道从设计到施工,在"防、排、截、堵相结合,因地制宜,综合治理"的原则指导下,摸索出"先堵水、后排水、再防水"的防排水工程三要素。即先对围岩进行封闭注浆堵水,达到衬砌背后无水、少水的目的,再对衬砌背后增加聚氨酯保温层,保证衬砌背后不结冻;同时,采用在冻结线以下的深埋中央水沟,保证排水的通畅,解决了隧道在严寒环境下的冻胀问题。在施工技术上,开发了挂设聚氨酯保温层的施工方法,同时对止水带施工工艺进行优化,仰拱纵向钢边止水带、中埋式止水带和衬砌中埋止水带均采用了特制的定型钢模板施工,有效地解决了隧道防排水系统施工的质量通病。Due to the existence of ground water, swelling and thawing caused by freezing always occur to tunnels located in extremely cold regions. Therefore, the tunnel structure may be damaged and the service life of the tunnel may be reduced. For the water-proofing and drainage of Lafashan tunnel, which is located in extremely cold region, the design principle of ＂water stopping, water draining and water sealing＂ is established, i. e. , water-stopping grouting is made to stop the ground water so as to minimize the water behind the lining, then heat-keeping layer is installed behind the lining to avoid freezing behind the lining, and finally central drainage ditch is built below the freezing level so as to ensure smooth water releasing. In this way, the problem of freezing swelling in extremely cold regions has been successfully solved. Regarding the construction of the water-proofing and drainage system, new heat-keeping layer installation method is developed, the water stop tie installation technique is optimized and special steel formwork is adopted to facilitate the installation of the longitudinal steel-edge water stop tie, buried water stop tie and lining water stop tie. In this way, the normal defects of the water-proofing and drainage system of tunnels have been successfully avoided.

关 键 词：拉法山隧道 严寒地区 保温型防排水系统 保温材料 

分 类 号：U453.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]