鄂西地区良种核桃选育Ⅰ——引种栽培适应性表现对比试验  

Selection and breeding of improved walnut cultivar in Western Hubei ⅠContrast experiment of adaptability in introduction and cultivation

作　　者：张双英 高本旺 宋正江 王毅敏 张海玲 赵新华 向艳莉 

机构地区：[1]宜昌市林业科学研究所,湖北宜昌443111 [2]宜昌国有大老岭林场,湖北宜昌443000 [3]宜昌市林业调查规划设计院,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《经济林研究》2014年第1期87-91,共5页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：宜昌市科技攻关计划项目“鄂西地区良种核桃选育研究”(A2007204);国家林业局攻关项目“中国早实核桃品种区域化及标准化栽培技术应用开发与示范--湖北子课题”(2008-04-02)

摘　　要：为选择适宜鄂西山区栽培的早实核桃品种（系），分2次共引进西南、华北核桃产区21个品种（系），分别在海拔1200m、145m建立品种（系）比较试验园，调查各品种（系）的物候期、生长习性和抗寒性。结果表明：品种（系）单株孕雄能力随着树龄的增加而增加；在海拔1200m试验点，漾濞大泡、华林大白壳幼龄林休眠期间发生2～3级冻害，云新系列核桃品种（系）萌芽期主芽受晚霜危害的概率较高。在海拔145m试验点，核桃黑水病、根腐病危害重，品种（系）保存率低；铁核桃抗核桃黑水病、根腐病的能力强，本区域核桃基地建设适宜选择铁核桃作砧木。综合比较结果表明，本地区域宜选择云新系列、鲁光、香玲、中林、清香等品种（系）开展海拔区域试验研究。In order to select the early-fruiting walnut cultivars （strains） suitable for cultivating in the mountain area of Western Hubei, 21 walnut cultivars （strains） were introduced from the walnut producing areas of Southwest and North China in 2 times, two contrast experimental forests were built at the altitudes of 1200 m and 145 m, respectively. Phenological phase, growth habit and cold resistance of the cultivars （strains） were investigated. The results indicate the ability of breeding male flowers per tree is raised with the increasing of tree age. During the period of dormancy, young forests ofYangbi Dapao and Hualin Great White Shell occur freeze injury at 2-3 level, and the harmed probability of the main buds of the walnut cultivars （strains） of Yunxin Series is higher at the altitude of 1 200 m. At the altitude of 145 m, ink disease and root rot of walnut are serious, and conservation rate of the cultivars （strains） are low. The ability of resisting ink disease and root rot ofJuglans sigllata Dode is well, so it is suitable for stock in this region. The results of comprehensive contrast indicate the cultivar of Yunxin Series, Luguang, Xiangling, Zhonglin, Qlngxiang are suitable for the researches on the regional trial.

关 键 词：核桃 选育 适应性 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]