绵阳地区儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成特点  

Etiological Factors of Chronic Cough in Children of Mianyang Area

作　　者：李艳[1] 刘蓉[1] 余静[1] 谢丽[1] 邓琳凡 董金蓉[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川省绵阳市中心医院儿科,621000

出　　处：《中华妇幼临床医学杂志（电子版）》2014年第1期85-87,共3页Chinese Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Pediatrics(Electronic Edition)

摘　　要：目的 探讨绵阳地区儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成特点.方法选择2012年1月至12月在绵阳市中心医院儿科门诊就诊的慢性咳嗽患儿1 842例为研究对象.按照不同年龄,将其分为3组,婴幼儿组（n=998,3个月-3岁）,学龄前期组（n=416,3-6岁）,学龄期及以后组（n=428,6-14岁）.3组患儿的性别、病程等一般临床资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）（本研究遵循的程序符合绵阳市中心医院人体试验委员会制定的伦理学标准,得到该委员会批准,分组征得受试患儿监护人的知情同意,并与之签署临床研究知情同意书）.所有患儿均先详细询问病史,进行全面的体格检查,再根据病史及查体的结果决定下一步辅助检查.首次检查得出初步诊断后,给予相关治疗以明确病因,然后进行门诊和（或）电话随访.结果 1 842例患儿中,1 806例（98.05%）咳嗽具有明确的病因,3组患儿的病因构成比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.婴幼儿组咳嗽病因以感染后咳嗽居首位（38.28%,382/998）,其次为咳嗽变异性哮喘（36.97%,369/998）.而学龄前期及学龄期及以后儿童咳嗽变异性哮喘为主[分别为62.26%（259/416）,50.93%（218/428）],学龄前组感染后咳嗽居第2位（15.87%,66/416）,学龄期及以后组上气道咳嗽综合征居第2位（25.47%,109/428）.结论 绵阳地区儿童慢性咳嗽的病因复杂,可能是单一因素或多重因素引起.不同年龄段儿童非特异性慢性咳嗽的病因构成不同.Objective To investigate the etiological factors of nonspecific chronic cough in children of Mianyang area. Methods From January to December 2010, a total of 1 842 outpatient cases were diagnosed as nonspecific chronic cough in Central Hospital of Mianyang. They were divided into 3 groups according to different age-periods, infant group （n=998,between the age of 3 month-old to 3 years）, preschool group （n=416, between the age of 3 to 6 years old）, school and later group （n=428,between the age of 6-14 years old）. There had no significant differences between three groups on gender and course of disease （P〉0.05）. The study protocol was approved by the Ethical Review Board of Investigation in Central Hospital of Mianyang. Informed consent was obtained from all participates＇ parents. All of the patients were first asked in detail about the history, complete physical examination, and the next step of auxiliary examination were conducted according to the medical history and physical examination results. The follow-up was conducted by telephone and clinic service for 3 months. Results Among those 1 842 cases, the etiological factors of 1 806 cases （98.05%） were clear. The causes leading to nonspecific chronic cough were different in different age groups. There had significant differences on etiological factors among three groups （P〈0.05）. The top two causes of nonspecific chronic cough of infant group were cough after infection （38.28%,382/998）, cough variant asthma （36.97%,369/998）. While the main cause of the preschool group and school and later group were variant asthma [accounted for 62.26%（259/416） and 50.93%（218/428）, respectively）. Cough after infection ranked the second and accounted for 15.87%（66/416） in preschool group, upper airway cough syndrome ranked the second and accounted for 25.47%（109/428） in school and later group. Conclusions The etiological factors of nonspecific chronic cough in children of Mianyang area are complex. It may cause by single fac

关 键 词：慢性咳嗽 病因构成 儿童 

分 类 号：R725.6[医药卫生—儿科]