不同杨树品种的分枝及与生长和干形的关联  

Correlation between branch characteristics and growth traits,stem form for varieties in poplar plantation

作　　者：董玉峰[1,2] 姜岳忠[1] 张明哲 王卫东[1] 秦光华[1] 翟洋[2] 于振旭[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省林业科学研究院山东省林木遗传改良重点实验室,山东济南250014 [2]山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安270018 [3]滕州国有实验苗圃,山东滕州277500

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2014年第2期34-38,共5页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项经费重大项目"杨树产业资源材培育及新产品开发关键技术研究"(201004004);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目"超高产优质欧美杨新品种选育"(2012BAD01B03);山东省农业良种工程项目

摘　　要：以3个欧美杨和3个美洲黑杨品种为对象,在其6年生人工林中设立样地,采用样木解析法研究其分枝特性及分枝与生长和干形之间的相关关系。结果表明:各品种间的分枝特性(分枝的数量、长度、角度和粗度)存在差异,相比3个美洲黑杨品种,供试欧美杨品种平均分枝数量较多、长度较短、角度较大、粗度较细。不同冠层间的分枝性状也有差异,且此差异从树冠下层向上层逐渐变小,其中分枝长度和分枝粗度总体表现为从树冠上层向下层增大,而分枝角度的变化规律则不明显。分枝性状在不同冠层中的遗传力也不同,呈现出第1轮枝中较强、第2、3轮枝中较弱的规律。相关分析得出分枝数量与生长指标(胸径、树高和材积)和地上生物量呈正相关,分枝长度和粗度在第1轮和第2轮枝中与生长和干形(胸高形数和每轮枝上部与下部主干的直径差)呈负相关,在第3轮枝中呈正相关。依据测定指标6个供试杨树品种的冠型划分为3类。Correlation between branch characteristics and growth traits,stem form for six poplar varieties in six-year-old plantation were studied by adopting sample tree analysis method.The results indicate that the differences existed in branch characteristics（branch number,length,branching angle and thickness） among the six tested poplar varieties,P.×euramericana’s had more branch number,shorter length,larger branching angle and thinner thickness than Populus deltoids Bartr.did;the branch characteristics changed on different canopy layers,became gradually smaller from the crown layer down to the upper layer,of them,the branch length and thickness’s overall performances showed aggrandizement trend from upper crown layer to lower layer but the branching angle’s variation was not evident;the branch characteristics’ heritability were different on different crown layers,the laws were that the first phase growing-branch’s heritability was stronger,second and third phase were weaker.The correlation analysis show that the branch number had positive correlation with the growth indexes（diameter at breast height,tree height and volume） and aboveground biomass;the branching length and thickness at the first and second phase branch were negative correlation to growth and stem form（breast height form factor,diameter difference between upper and the lower part of the trunk）,while at the third phase had positive correlation.According to the obtained measurement indicators of six tested poplar varieties,their crown form were divided into 3 types.

关 键 词：杨树品种 美洲黑杨 欧美杨 分枝特性 生长 干形 关联 

分 类 号：S792.11[农业科学—林木遗传育种]