北方地区天麻品种与栽培模式对产量的影响  

Effects of Species and Cultivation Models on the Production of Gastrodia elata in Northern Area

作　　者：张国庆[1] 陈青君[1] 郭亚萍[1] 李雪红 易珊 张勇虎 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院,北京102206 [2]北京市昌平区科委,北京102200

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第4期205-209,共5页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：北京市教育委员会科技计划面上项目(KM201210020015);现代农业产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(PXM2012-014207-000165)

摘　　要：为了获得适宜北方日光温室栽培的天麻品种和栽培模式,选用‘红杆’、‘绿杆’和‘乌杆’天麻3个天麻品种,采用日光温室地面畦栽、筐栽,以及室外露天栽培3种栽培模式,并比较单层栽培与双层栽培对天麻产量的影响。结果表明,‘红杆’天麻是北方日光温室最适栽培品种,有性繁殖获得1 g以上米麻的个数所占比例最高为33%,重量占总产量的79%;‘绿杆’天麻次之,‘乌杆’天麻最低。3种栽培模式中,日光温室地面畦栽产量最高,其次是室内筐栽,室外露天栽培产量最低。3种天麻双层种植的产量都显著高于单层。In the present study, 3 species of Gastrodia elata （red stem, green stem, and black stem） and 3 cultivation models （indoor plot planting, indoor basket planting, and outdoor planting） were used for screening the best specie and cultivation model in northern solar greenhouses. Production of monolayer and double-layer cultivation models was also investigated. The results showed that the optimal cultivated species in northern solar greenhouses was red stem G. elata, followed by green stem G. data, and finally black stem G. elata. Over 1 g seed red stem G. elata formed 33% of total amount and 79% of total production, which was the highest among the tested three. Among the tested 3 cultivation models, indoor plot planting manifested the highest production, followed by indoor basket planting and outdoor planting. Among all the tested 3 species, production of double-layer cultivation was remarkably higher than monolayer cultivation.

关 键 词：天麻 日光温室 品种 栽培模式 产量 

分 类 号：S6[农业科学—园艺学]