紫茎泽兰在湖北地区的入侵风险评估  

Risk Assessment for Invasion of Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng in Hubei Area

作　　者：孙娜娜[1] 潭永钦 周兴苗[1] 马洪菊[1] 王永模[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆虫资源利用与害虫可持续治理湖北省重点实验室/华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2014年第4期264-269,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费"入侵植物综合防控技术研究与示范推广"(201103027)

摘　　要：紫茎泽兰是中国危害最严重的入侵物种之一,从入侵趋势上分析存在入侵湖北地区的风险。本研究采用枝条扦插的方法,在武汉建立了2009年和2012年从西昌采回的2个种群的同质种植园,比较了2个扦插种群的株高、茎宽、比叶面积、叶干物质含量、叶片C/N等生长参数和抗虫性。结果显示,紫茎泽兰叶片C/N在2个种群间无显著差异,但2009年种群的株高、茎粗、比叶面积和抗虫性均显著大于2012年种群,表明紫茎泽兰发生了明显的表型可塑,随着引入时间的延长获取资源的能力逐渐增强;2个种群比叶面积和叶干物质含量均为负相关关系;在缺乏专食性天敌昆虫的新引入地,随生长时间的延长紫茎泽兰对广食性天敌斜纹夜蛾的抗性逐步增强,表明紫茎泽兰对新引入地的植食性天敌产生了适应。综合上述结果,认为紫茎泽兰在湖北地区存在一定的入侵风险。Crofton weed （Eupatorium adenophorum） is one of the worst invasive species in China. There is potential for crofion weed to invade into Hubei Province according to the invasive trend in China. To explore the invasion potential, populations of crofton weed collected from Xichang in 2009 and 2012 were planted in a field common-garden in Wuhan. The growth parameters including plant height, stem diameter, specific leaf area, leaf dry matter content, as well as the resistance to Prodenia litura （Lepidoptera： Noctuidae）, were compared between cutting seedlings of the two populations. The results showed that the leaf C/N ratios of crofton weed were similar between the two populations. However, plant height, stem diameter, specific leaf area and the insect resistance were significantly higher in 2009 population than in 2012 population, which was an - obvious sign of phenotypic plasticity and adaptation. The specific leaf area and leaf dry matter content in the two populations were negative correlation. In the new area, crofton weed gained resistance to P. litura gradually with the invasive time increase, indicating that crofton weed adapted to the phytophagous enemies. Based on the results above, it concluded that crofton weed had a risk of invasion into Hubei Province.

关 键 词：紫茎泽兰 生长参数 防御 风险评估 

分 类 号：S451.1[农业科学—植物保护]