SiO_2气凝胶的力学性能增强研究  

Mechanical properties strengthening of silica aerogels

作　　者：唐浩云[1] 沈军[2] 闫彭[2] 周斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学航空航天与力学学院,上海200092 [2]上海市特殊人工微结构材料与技术重点实验室(同济大学),上海200092

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2014年第3期88-91,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51102184;51172163);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2013AA031801);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAJ01B01);上海市科委纳米技术专项(12nm0503001);上海航天科技创新基金(SAST201254;SAST201321)资助项目

摘　　要：在硅浓度一定的前提下,分别采用莫来石纤维复合及六亚甲基二异氰酸酯单体(HDI)修饰两种方式对氧化硅气凝胶进行力学性能增强,并对其进行结构与力学性能的表征。结果表明,在力学性能方面,两种增强方式的SiO2气凝胶弹性模量分别为134.06MPa、116.78MPa,分别增加了16倍和12倍;有机物修饰后的气凝胶屈服强度远大于纤维增强的气凝胶。在微结构方面,纤维增强气凝胶的纳米多孔结构无明显变化,而有机物修饰气凝胶的比表面积略有下降,孔径尺寸变小。增强型气凝胶大大增加了其在多个领域的实际应用。On condition that silicon concentration was kept at a constant level,mechanical strong silica aerogels were produced through mixing mullite fiber and modifying with HDI（hexamethylene diisocyanate）, respectively. These aerogel samples, FR（fiber reinforced）and PR（polymer reinforced）were called, were later characterized about structure and mechani- cal properties. According to the results, elastic modulus of aerogels enhanced by both methods reached a remarkable level of 134.06 and 116.78MPa, 16 and 12 times compared with the native sample, respectively. The yield strength of the PR sam- ple was obviously higher than that of the FR. Comparing with the microstructure of the native sample, there was a little smaller specific surface area and exactly the same pore size of the FR, while both smaller surface area and pore size of the PR. The increase of the mechanical properties of silica aerogels increased their practical applications considerably.

关 键 词：SIO2气凝胶 莫来石纤维 聚合物 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ127.2[化学工程—无机化工]