纺丝牵伸对PAN基碳纤维原丝性能影响及牵伸工艺研究  

Effect of spinning stretch on property of PAN carbon fiber precursor and study on stretching process

作　　者：王增加[1,2,3] 周玉玺[1,2,3] 韩笑[1,2,3] 王华[1,2,3] 沈涛 李靖宇 

机构地区：[1]西安康本材料有限公司,西安710089 [2]高性能碳纤维制造及应用国家地方联合工程研究中心,西安710089 [3]西安航天复合材料研究所,西安710025

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2014年第3期143-146,共4页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：陕西省"13115"科技创新工程重大科技专项项目(2010ZDKG-102)

摘　　要：对三元聚合、四元聚合和四元氨化聚合三种配方的纺丝液纺丝牵伸工艺进行了研究,利用金相显微镜、电子万能试验机、X射线衍射(XRD)等设备方法表征原丝的微观结构、力学性能和取向度等。结果表明:四元共聚纺丝液的可牵伸性最好,最大牵伸倍率可达12倍,三元次之,四元经氨化后牵伸性明显下降较多。改变牵伸,对原丝断面基本无影响。提高原丝纺丝牵伸倍率,原丝的单丝强度、模量、单丝密度、沸水收缩呈上升趋势,断裂延伸率呈下降趋势。牵伸有利于提高原丝的取向度。水洗→牵伸、牵伸→水洗→牵伸和牵伸→水洗工艺3种纺丝工艺,水洗→牵伸相对可获得性能较好的原丝,炭化后碳纤维强度较高。Stretching process including ternary copolymerization, quaternary copolymerization and quaternary amina- ted copolymerization three formulas was studied, Metallographic microscope, electromechanical testing machine and XRD were used to characterize microstructure, mechanical property and orientation degree of carbon fiber precursor. The results showed that stretching process of quaternary eopolymerization was the best with the stretch ratio of 12,and the stretching process of quaternary aminated copolymerization was the worst. The cross section of PAN precursor changed little as stretch ratio changed. The strength,modulus,orientation degree and density of precursor improved as the stretch ratio in- creased, but elongation at break decreased as the stretch ratio increased. The precursor and carbon fiber could obtain high performance correspondingly with the washing-→stretching process.

关 键 词：PAN基碳纤维 原丝 纺丝牵伸 牵伸倍率 氨化 取向度 

分 类 号：TQ342.742[化学工程—化纤工业]