灌溉量对2种灌木光合特性和水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Irrigations on Photosynthetic Characteristic and Water Use Efficiency of Calligonum mongolicumand Hedysarum scoparium

作　　者：郭自春 曾凡江[1] 刘波[1] 罗维成[1] 宋聪[1] 王会提 郭京衡 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所新疆策勒荒漠草地生态系统国家野外科学观测试验站/干旱区地理与生物资源重点实验室/荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2014年第2期448-455,共8页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项项目(201130106);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC54B01);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(31100144)资助

摘　　要：采用野外试验,研究了灌溉量对新疆策勒绿洲木沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicum)和花棒(Hedysarum scoparium)光合特性和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:(1)随着灌溉量的增加,沙拐枣和花棒的净光合速率均增加,但是蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度没有明显增加;(2)灌溉增加了沙拐枣的清晨水势和正午水势,并且只有灌溉和无灌溉处理的正午水势差异显著(p<0.05);而灌溉只增加了花棒的清晨水势,并且只有充分灌溉和无灌溉的条件下差异显著(p<0.05);(3)在不同的灌溉条件下,沙拐枣和花棒的稳定碳同位素比率δ13 C变化不大,沙拐枣在无灌溉、适度灌溉、充分灌溉下δ13 C的平均值分别为-12.267、-12.147、-11.958,花棒的δ13 C分别为-27.928、-28.068、-27.166;(4)沙拐枣和花棒的水分利用效率均在无灌溉条件下明显高于灌溉条件下,而且一次性的灌溉不会改变其水分利用效率。Field experiment on the photosynthetic characteristic and water use efficiency of two kinds of desert shrubs was carried out under different irrigation amounts. The results showed that： （1） with increasing irrigation amounts, the photosynthetic rate of Calligonum mongolicum and Hedysarum scoparium increased, whereas the transpiration rate（Tr）, stomata conductance（Gs） and intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci） did not alter notably. （2） the irrigation increased the predawn and midday water potential of the C. mongolicum, and only the midday water potential had a notable difference under the conditions between the irrigation and no irrigation（p〈0.05）, while only the midday water potential of the H. scoparium increased with increasing irrigation, and the difference between the sufficient irrigation and no irrigation is only distinct（p〈0.05）. （3） the δ13C did has little change under the conditions between the different irrigation conditions, the δ13C average value of C. mongolicum was -12.267, -12.147 and -11.958 respectively in the no irrigation, moderate irrigation and sufficient irrigation, while the δ13C average value of H. scoparium was -27.928、-28.068、-27.166, respectively. （4） the water use efficiency of no irrigation of C. mongolicum and H. scoparium was obviously higher than that of the irrigation. Moreover, one time irrigation did not alter their water use efficiency.

关 键 词：灌溉 沙拐枣(Calligonum mongolicum) 花棒(Hedysarum scoparium) 光合特性 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：Q945.79[生物学—植物学]