南疆枣麦间作系统中根长密度、根表面积密度分布特征  

Characterization of Root Length Density and Root Surface Area Density in Jujube/wheat Intercropping System in Southern Xinjiang

作　　者：王宝驹[1] 李隆[2] 李鲁华[1] 张伟[1] 甘雅文[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院,新疆生产建设兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,石河子832000 [2]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第3期67-73,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：农业部公益性行业专项项目"南疆地区粮食;棉花和果树间作技术模式研究"(201003043-01)

摘　　要：在和田地区的冬小麦成熟期和枣树扬花期采用根钻法采集单作小麦、单作5a生枣树、枣麦间作系统根样，利用Win-SURFERv．8．0软件进行根系根长密度、根表面积密度分析，并在小麦和枣树成熟阶段进行经济产量和地上部生物量测定，通过土地当量比进行间作系统评估。结果表明，枣麦间作系统枣树和小麦的产量和地上部生物量均显著下降。枣麦间作系统产量和地上部生物量土地当量比（1．383和1．322）均大于1，相比相应单作模式，有较高的总产量和土地利用效率。间作条件下的小麦和枣树根长密度、根表面积密度比单作相应土层根长密度、根表面积密度小。间作小麦20～60cm土层根长密度值比单作小麦相应土层根长密度值减少46．2％；间作红枣20～60cm土层根长密度值、根表面积密度值比单作红枣相应土层根长密度值、根表面积密度值减少34．5％和31．2％。5a生枣树与小麦根系在20～60cm土层生态位重叠，促使间作小麦和间作枣树根长密度、根表面积密度分布不均匀。A field experiment was conducted in Hetian. In the maturity of winter wheat and flowering stage of jujube trees, the root samples of sole wheat, sole five-year-old jujube tree, five-year-old ju- jube tree intercropped with wheat were collected by the auger methods, the root length density and root surface area density of root samples were analyzed by Win-SURFER v. 8.0. Economic yields and above-ground biomass were examined in wheat and jujube mature stage, which was evaluated by land equivalent ratio. The results show that yield and aboveground biomass of jujube and wheat were de- creased significantly in the jujube/wheat intercropping system. The land equivalent ratio of yield and aboveground biomass （1. 383 and 1. 322） of jujube/wheat intercropping system were greater than 1, compared to the corresponding sole systems. It had a higher total output and efficiency of land use. Both root length density and root surface area density of intercropped wheat and jujube tree were low- er than those in the corresponding soil in their sole systems. Root length density of intercropped wheat decreased by 46.2% compared to its sole wheat in 20-60 cm soil; Root length density and root sur- face area density of intercropped jujube decreased by 34.5% and 31.2% compared to its sole jujube in 20-60 cm soil. The roots of five-year-old jujube tree and wheat had niche overlap in the 20--60 cm soil. It caused that root length density and root surface area density of intercropped wheat and jujube tree distributed unevenly.

关 键 词：枣麦间作系统 土地当量比(LER) 根长密度(RLD) 根表面积密度(RSAD) 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S665.1