HIV RNA阳性标本追踪检测1例  

HIV RNA positive specimens of 1 case of tracking detection

作　　者：潘彤[1] 杨文玲[1] 姚娜[1] 李凤园[1] 谢月娜[1] 李娜[1] 王全慧[1] 李艳[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市血液中心,天津300110

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2014年第2期197-199,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

摘　　要：目的分析1例HIV RNA阳性标本追踪检测情况,并对该标本进行基因型分析。方法应用常规ELISA以及核酸定性、定量测定方法,通过基因测序分析基因型。结果献血者2012年11月13日首次献血标本检测结果为血清学阴性但核酸检测阳性,随后我们对该献血者进行了2次跟踪检测,间隔1周。2012年11月19日的血液标本HIV-P24抗原以及HIV抗体检测均为阴性,而核酸定性检测2种试剂仍为阳性,此时的核酸定量结果显示病毒载量与首次献血时相比已经增加。2012年11月26日再次抽取血液标本,抗-HIV酶免4代试剂检测结果均为阳性,而核酸定量结果又是1个数量级的增长,同时该血液标本HIV-P24抗原的检测结果为阳性,CDC反馈的确证试验也为阳性。基因型分析为CRF01-AE基因型。结论初步确定该献血者为艾滋病感染窗口期。应用核酸检测有效阻断了此例艾滋病感染窗口期的血液传播。Objective A case report with a follow up study of one anti-HIV negative but HIV RNA positive first time blood donor, accompanied with HIV genotype analysis. Methods Conventional ELISA was used for anti-HIV screening, and two kinds of nucleic acid test （NAT） was used for HIV RNA detection. Real-time PCR was employed for HIV RNA quantitative determination. And finally HIV genotype was studied by sequencing. Results The first time blood donor came to donate in November 13,2012,and the serological result wasnegative for anti-HIV. However, the mini-pool NAT result showed reactive. Then a follow up studied wascarried out 2 times for the donor,interval of one week after the first time test. Afterwards,a detection of HIV-P24 antigen and anti-HIV in blood samples in November 19,2012 also showed negative,but the qualitative detection of two kinds of nucleic acid reagent is positive. The quantitation of NAT showed that the viral load had increased comparing with the initial sample. When the donor was sampled again in November 26,2012, both anti-HIV and HIV-P24 antigen showed positive, as for the NAT result, a magnitude increase was appeared. Meanwhile, the confirmato- ry test from CDC was also positive. The genotyping result based on sequencing indicated that the HIV genotype for this donor was CRF01-AE. Conclusion Preliminarily, we suggest that the donor shows a window period infection of HIV. It is the first case of window period donation of HIV. And our blood center has successfully blocked this case of transfusion-transmitted disaster after implementing NAT.

关 键 词：窗口期 核酸检测 基因型 

分 类 号：R446[医药卫生—诊断学]