污水处理传统工艺与新工艺出水中有机提取物的遗传毒性研究  

The inherent toxicity of organic extracts in the effluents treated by present treatment and the new process

作　　者：李博[1] 王志瑾[1] 曹军 邢传宏[3] 崔留欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院,郑州450001 [2]郑州市污水净化公司 [3]郑州大学水利与环境学院

出　　处：《卫生研究》2014年第2期213-218,共6页Journal of Hygiene Research

基　　金："十一五"国家水重大专项子课题(No.2009ZX07210-001-001)

摘　　要：目的评价污水处理厂传统处理工艺和新技术处理工艺出水中有机提取物的遗传毒性,比较两种处理工艺对微量有机污染物的去除效果。方法采用树脂吸附固相萃取富集水样中的微量有机污染物,利用蚕豆根尖微核试验和人外周血淋巴细胞单细胞凝胶电泳试验检测水样中有机提取物的遗传毒性大小。结果在原水样中微量有机污染物浓缩100倍条件下,蚕豆根尖细胞微核率在各组间的差异具有显著性(F=42.526,P<0.001),DMSO组和新技术出水组与阴性对照组的差异不具有显著性(P!0.05),而与新技术出水组相比,二级出水和进水与其的差异具有显著性,二级出水和进水组之间差异也存在显著性(P<0.05);各水样染毒人外周血淋巴细胞产生彗星的尾长和拖尾率在各组间均有差异(F值分别为243.535和148.623,P<0.001),进水、二级出水染毒人外周血淋巴细胞产生彗星的尾长和拖尾率均高于阴性对照组(P<0.01),二级出水、三级出水染毒人外周血淋巴细胞产生彗星的尾长和拖尾率均低于进水(P<0.01),三级出水产生彗星的拖尾率低于二级出水(P<0.01)。结论污水经处理后遗传毒性显著下降,但仍对环境具有潜在的危害;新技术对污水中微量有机污染物的去除效果明显好于传统技术。Objective Evaluate the inherent toxicity of organic extracts in the effluents treated by present treatment and the new process find the scientific evidences of the new wastewater treatment technique to compare the removal efficiency of trace organic pollutants. Methods The Solid Phase Extraction was adopted to enrich the trace organic pollutants in the water samples with resin adsorbing, then detected the inherent toxicity of them by using Vicia faba root-tip micronucleus test and single cell gel electropheorsis test. Results After concentrated 100 times, the organic extracts enriched from the water samples showed some positive reactions. The micronuclear rates of root-tip cells were of significantly difference between all groups （F = 42. 526, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Compared with each other, the group of DMSO and the group of new technique were not significantly different from the negative control （P 〉 0.05）, but the group of secondary effluent and the group of influent were significantly different from the new technique （P 〈 0.05） , at last, there was significant difference between the secondary effluent and the influent （P 〈 0.05）. After exposed with DMSO and the organic extracts, the length of comet tails and the tailing ratio were obviously different between all groups （ F = 243. 535 and 148. 623 correspodingly, P 〈 0. 001 ）. Compared with negative control, the length of comet tails and the tailing ratio of the influent group and the secondary effluent group were significantly different（P 〈 0. 01 ）. Compared with the influent group, the comet tail length of the secondary effluent group and the tertiary effluent group were both shorter （P 〈 0.01 ） , and the tailing ratio were both smaller（P 〈0.01 ）. The tailing ratio of the tertiary effluent group was significantly smaller than the secondary effluent group. Conclusion The inherent toxicity of urban sewage in Zhengzhou was significantly decreased after treated but it still possesses potential hazard to environment. And the

关 键 词：污水处理微量有机污染物 遗传毒性 蚕豆根尖微核 单细胞凝胶 电泳 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程]