豫东黄河故道湿地土壤生物学性状及土壤质量评价  

Evaluation on Soil Biological Characteristics and Quality of the Wetlands in Ancient Bed of Yellow River of East He′nan Province

作　　者：朱新玉[1] 胡云川[2] 芦杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]商丘师范学院环境与规划学院,河南商丘476000 [2]商丘师范学院生命科学学院,河南商丘476000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2014年第2期27-32,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"黄河故道湿地土壤质量生物指标研究"(13YJCZH283);河南省科技厅科技攻关项目(132102310357);商丘师范学院青年科研基金(2011QN21)

摘　　要：以豫东黄河故道湿地为研究对象,采用野外采样和室内分析相结合的方法,测定土壤有机质、土壤微生物量碳氮、土壤基础呼吸、土壤酶活性和土壤动物群落指标等14个生物学指标,运用数学统计方法,对不同类型湿地土壤的生物质量进行综合评价。结果表明,故道湿地不同利用类型土壤生物学性质和土壤动物群落多样性差异显著(p<0.05),其排列顺序为:林地湿地>湿草地>沼泽湿地>盐碱滩地。主成分分析得到2个主成分,累计方差贡献率高达98.651%;其中,土壤肥力和土壤酶活性、土壤动物群落指标在主成分上的载荷较高,可作为黄河故道湿地土壤的特征生物学指标,在一定程度上可反映土壤质量的变化情况。主成分综合得分表明林地湿地土壤质量最高,盐碱滩地最低。土壤有机质、土壤微生物量、土壤酶活性和土壤动物群落多样性四类指标可作为黄河故道湿地土壤质量评价的特征生物指标。In order to evaluate the quality of different wetland use patterns, by using field sampling and laboratory analysis, fourteen soil biological indices, including soil organic matter, soil microbial biomass, soil respiration, soil enzyme activity and community of soil fauna were studied in the east part of the Yellow River wetland. The results showed that soil biological indices and diversity of soil fauna community had significant differences among different land use patterns （p〈0.05）. The order was in the sequence of forest wetland 〉 humid grasslands 〉 marsh wetland 〉 saline-alkali wasteland. The principal components which accounted for 98. 651% of cumulative variance were extracted from the raw data. Soil fertility and soil enzyme activity indices, soil fauna community index had the high load on the principal components, which can be used as biological indicators of soil characteristics in the Yellow River wetland, and these indices can reflect the changes of soil quality of wetland. The chief principal component scores indicated that forest wetland biological quality was the best and saline-alkali wasteland was the worst. The four biological indices including soil organic matter, soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activity and diversity of soil fauna community could be used to evaluate the changes of soil quality of the Yellow River wetland.

关 键 词：黄河故道 土壤质量 湿地 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]