基于GIS的三峡库区低山丘陵区乡村聚落空间分布研究——以忠县涂井乡、石宝镇为例  

Spatial Distribution of Rural Settlement in the Hilly Three Gorges Reservoir Area Based on GIS——A Cases Study of Tujing and Shibao Towns,Zhongxian

作　　者：谢玲[1] 李孝坤[1] 余婷[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆400047

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2014年第2期217-222,共6页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目"三峡库区乡村聚落演变与空间优化研究"(11YJAZH049);国家自然科学基金项目"加速城镇化时期三峡库区重庆段土地退化与调控机制研究"(41101563);地理学重庆市"十二五"重点学科项目(2011)

摘　　要：选择三峡库区腹地典型低山丘陵区的忠县涂井乡和石宝镇的乡村聚落为实证研究对象，采用GIS空间分析模块定量分析该区域乡村聚落空间分布的特点及影响因素。结果表明：研究区乡村聚落以中型为主，独立院落和大型聚落为数较少。空间分布呈现出东部相对密集，西部、西南部较为稀疏的特点，且具有明显的道路、水源指向性。海拔和坡度对该区域乡村聚落空间分布有显著影响，海拔200～400m和坡度5°～15°范围是乡村聚落的密集分布区，并且乡村聚落随高程和坡度的增加呈偏左态分布。社会经济条件以及政策等人文因素，也是影响乡村聚落分布的重要㈥素。乡村聚落的形成、发展及空间分布，是多种因素共同作用的结果。自然因素是乡村聚落形成与发展的基础，人文社会凼素是乡村聚落发展及空间演变的主要驱动因素。Towns of Tujing and Shibao in Zhongxian were chosen as cases to study the distribution characteristics and influencing factors on rural settlements in typical hilly Three Gorges Reservoir Area by using GIS spatial analysis. The results show that the study area is dominated by medium-sized rural settlements with a small proportion of independent courtyard and large settlement. The spatial distribution is characterized as dense settlements in the eastern area and the sparse ones in western and southwestern area, and the settlements are close to the water and roads; both elevation and slope have significant influence on the spatial dis tribution of settlements, in general, most settlements are located at the elevation of 200-400 m and the slope of 5°-15°. Besides, settlements present a skew normal distribution along with the elevation and slope; socio economic conditions and policies and other social cultural factors are important factors affecting the distribution of rural settlements. The forming, development and spatial distribution of rural settlements are influenced jointly by multiple factors. Among of these factors, the natural factor is the foundation of rural settlement formation and development, while the humanistic and social factors are the main driving forces in the development and spatial evolution of rural settlements.

关 键 词：乡村聚落 空间分布 GIS 重庆三峡库区 涂井乡 石宝镇 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学]